The relevance of this study is related to the need to summarize the material in various fields of research and translate this data into the language of digital models. Understanding the physical essence of the process is of great importance for mathematical modeling of slope ecogeomorphosystems and biological productivity of agrogeosystems the fundamental nature of the diffusion equation underlying these processes. The log function (LF) was chosen for the analytical description of processes, since it satisfies the representations occurring in the catenary complex at different taxonomic levels: micro-, meso-, macro- and mega-organizational landscapes. With the help of LF, the first and subsequent derivatives are relatively easy to calculate, which give ideas about the speed and acceleration of processes.

Materials and methods. The studies were conducted from 1986 to 2022.

Objects of research at the south-eastern end of the Volga upland: land use "Kachalinskoe" of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, land use of the Federal State Budgetary Institution VNIIOZ and on the lands of the Zavolzhskaya irrigation system (Volgograd region), as well as rainfed lands in the Mikhailovsky district of the "Ishkin" A.V. The study and modeling of the catenary complex log function was carried out at macro-, meso-levels.

Results and conclusions. As a result of studies of the features of the spatial distribution of transitional natural zones, a "Method for mapping natural transition zones (ecotones)" was developed and patented. The essence of the patent is the spatial analysis of transition zones in subboreal landscapes by radiation heat flow. The log function described the relationship of y(x) bioproductivity with soil washout (in normalized values) with parameters a=3.478; b=5.948; x=0.00001 – 1.0.The dependence is performed for chestnut soils of light, medium and heavy granulometric composition. The calculation based on the given dependence was performed by finding the first and subsequent derivatives. The logistic function with a high degree of approximation describes the morphometric changes that occur with agricultural crops during the growing season. These include the growth function of agricultural crops; sunflower (variety "Dainty" and hybrid LG-5456), barley ("Medicum 139"), varieties and hybrids of corn.

Conclusion. LF is universal.With the help of it, it is possible not only to analyze existing events, to predict the development of processes occurring on slope ecogeomorphosystems and in agrocenoses with sufficiently high accuracy.

This article analyzes the growth and development of the potato chips variety depending on the levels of pre-irrigation soil moisture and the dose of mineral nutrition by modern sprinkler equipment in the south of Russia. It has been proven that the combined use of the studied factors has a positive effect on the increase in the area of the leaf surface of early potatoes during the growing season. All this makes it possible to obtain the yield of potato chip variety "BP 808" from 15 to 25 t/ha.

Abstract Introduction. For the growth and development of potatoes in modern conditions, it is necessary to develop science-based technologies for the cultivation of this crop. In this regard, sprinkling is of particular interest, allowing to establish the optimal combination of irrigation regime and mineral nutrition of early potatoes to obtain productivity at the level of 15, 20, 25 t/ha.

Object. The object of research was the medium-early chip potato variety "BP 808".

Materials and methods. Annually for four years (2018-2021) at the pilot production site at the Limited Liability Company «AGROPROGRESS», according to the generally accepted recommendations of B.A. Dospekhov, V.N. Pleshakov conducted a two-factor field experiment of spring planting potatoes. Irrigation was carried out with a Valley sprinkler.

Results and conclusions. In the course of a three-year study, it was found that the growth and development of potato chips respond well to irrigation and mineral nutrition. At the same time, depending on the studied factors during the growing season, the maximum increase in the area of the leaf surface of early potatoes is formed in the variant with maintaining soil moisture at the level of 70-80% of FMC and applying a dose of N190P95K140 fertilizers. As a result, this option ensured the yield of potato chip variety "BP 808" at the level of 25.4 t/ha.

The results of growing canteen beets under conditions of light chestnut soil on drip irrigation are presented. Promising options have been identified that contribute to the formation of a high yield of the studied crop.

Abstract Introduction. Intensification of vegetable production on irrigated lands of the North-Western Caspian region is possible on the basis of improvement of the entire technological complex and, first of all, it is the prevention of the development of dangerous fungal diseases with the help of mineral fertilizing, optimization of the nutritional regime and protection of plants from weeds.

Object. Table beet hybrids: Bona, Major, Kestrel; onion variety and hybrid: Kristina, Bayram, Manas F₁.

Materials and methods. For a number of years, the Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences has been working to improve zonal technologies for cultivating various varieties and hybrids of table beet and onion. The study material for the canteen beet was complex mineral fertilizers: Aminovite, Zinc, Boron, Magnesium. Herbicides (based on the active substance metribuzin) were used for onions: Goal 2E, CE and Lapis lazuli.

Results and conclusions. According to the results of studies in 2020...2022, it was found that the studied modern varieties of various breeding are characterized by high potential productivity. High yields of 80.6 t/ha in onions this year were obtained from the Kristina variety on the variant of the joint use of Lazurite+ preparations Aminovite. It was also found that the maximum yield on table beets was achieved in the hybrid Bon F₁ 47.4 t / ha and Major F₁ 45.6 t /ha on the variant with non-root treatment with the complex mineral fertilizer Boron. With a lower nitrate content of 48.7...61.6 mg/kg, the Kristina variety was found in the bulbs, which did not exceed the MPC (80.0 mg/kg). Control variants with a maximum value from 1157mg/kg to 1385 mg/kg were identified according to the accumulation of the amount of nitrates in the beet roots of the canteen. The lowest nitrate content was obtained in the hybrid Kestrel F₁ 1019 mg/kg on the variant with the treatment on the sheet with the complex mineral fertilizer Zinc, which did not exceed the MPC (1400.0 mg/kg).

The article presents the data on the influence of tillage methods and varieties of different selection on field germination, overwintering, preservation of winter wheat plants to harvesting, reserve of productive moisture in the meter soil layer, total water consumption and its coefficients, weediness of crops and crop yield in the conditions of dry steppe zone of chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region.

Abstract Introduction. Improvements in winter wheat cultivation technology are inextricably linked to changes in climatic conditions.

Object. Winter wheat varieties of different breedings were the objects of the research.

Materials and methods. Investigated methods of main tillage (factor A) – ploughing to the usual depth of 20 – 22 cm PLN-5-35 (control), deep-cleaving at 30 – 32 cm PCHN-2,3P, shallow discing at 12 – 14 cm BDM-3,6x4P and cultivars (factor B) of Rostov selection Ermak (St), Lilit and Volgograd Kamyshanka 6. Cultivation technology is conventional. The rainfall totals in 2019 – 2020, 2020 – 2021 and 2021 – 2022 agricultural years were 284.0; 429.3 and 405.0 mm, respectively.

Results and conclusion. The field germination of winter wheat varieties in the leached and Lilith varieties by ploughing was good - more than 80 %, in the other variants – satisfactory from 60 to 80 %. Weak stalk thinning after overwintering was observed only for the Ermak standard by discing – more than 25.0 %, in the other variants thinning was imperceptible – less than 25.0 %. The highest retention rate was achieved in Kamyshanka 6 and Lilith, 72.3 and 72.8 % respectively. The highest total water consumption of winter wheat was noted in Lilith and Kamyshanka 6 by cheesemaking, 274.0 and 274.1 mm respectively. The lowest water use coefficient was provided by Lilith for cheesemaking – 69.5 mm/t. The lowest total weed infestation was in Lilith and Kamyshanka 6, 10 and 11 pcs./m², respectively, with perennials of 4 pcs./m² assessed as moderate, with minor infestations of 6 – 8 pcs./m2 assessed as weak. The lowest total air – dry weight of weeds was observed in Kamyshanka 6 – 17.5 g/m² and Lilith – 17.0 g/m² by ploughing. The best winter wheat variety in terms of yield was Lilith on a cheesemaking background – 3.94 t/ha.

Introduction. Technologies for the introduction and enrichment of the dendroflora of the degraded territories of the arid regions of Russia are aimed at creating an infrastructure that is characterized by environmental friendliness, economy, adaptability and durability, as well as significant social ones. This is achieved by using a variety of taxa of woody plants, as well as a combination of valuable features and biological properties, and should correspond to the intended purpose and features of environmental protection measures.

Objects. Trees and shrubs of natural and artificial plant communities of various botanical families and different geographical origins, including resources of the Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Altai Territory (West Siberian AGLOS – a branch of the Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kulundinsky District), Volgograd Region (FSC of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow). Volgograd, Nizhnevolzhskaya station for breeding tree species – branch of the Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kamyshinsky district).

Materials and methods. Multi-criteria complex analysis using the Harrington desirability function method and accentuation of the adaptive gene pool of economically valuable promising plants based on the success assessment developed by N. A. Kokhno on a 5-point scale, and the degree of acclimatization.

Results and conclusions. A scientifically based scheme for the selection, conservation and continuous use of the adapted gene pool of introduced resources of tree species (about 350 species, forms, hybrids and varieties) in the conditions of the steppes of southern Russia has been formed. groups not only showed sufficient stability, but also outstrip native species in their ability to endure a complex of adverse environmental conditions. The Rosaceae, Fabaceae, Berberidaceae, Caesalpinaceae, Cupressaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Oleaceae, and Fagaceae families are widely distributed in the collections of the Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Of the studied objects, it was found that the Rosaceae and Fabaceae families stably bear fruit and are more resistant to drought. These families are undemanding to soils and withstand severe winters (0.9-0.95). These species increase the efficiency of agroforestry plantations due to their decorative and melliferous qualities. The analysis performed shows that the tree plantations of the collection of the Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences are characterized by varying degrees of adaptation according to the scale of the integrated assessment of the success of introduction. In 63% of the studied plants of the collection of the Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, I class of prospects is noted – the most promising. 35% of the presented assortment belongs to the II class – promising. 2% – Ptelea trifoliata L. belongs to the III class according to the degree of adaptation – less promising.

Introduction. Black currant (Ribes nigrum L) is one of the most valuable berry crops. Large-fruited berries play an important role in the productivity of a variety; therefore, to create new large-fruited competitive varieties, it is necessary to identify donors and sources of large-fruited and other economically valuable traits for the purpose of their further use in the breeding process. Purpose of the work: from 764 black currant seedlings from ten intervarietal crosses, to identify new sources of large fruit for further selection in the conditions of the southwestern part of the Non-Black Earth Region of Russia.

Materials and methods. The work was carried out in the fruit growing department of the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine in the period from 2020 to 2022 using generally accepted breeding techniques. Well-known donors of large fruit and the best elite selections of interspecific origin, which were distinguished by a high level of economic and biological characteristics, were involved in the crossings.

Results and conclusions. Large-fruited genotypes with a berry weight of 3 g or more were isolated from hybrid families: 7-1-302 (3.0 g), 7-2-73 (3.0 g), 7-2-106 (3.0 g), 7-2-78 (3.1 g), 7-4-97 (3.2 g), 7-4-105 (3.3 g), 7-2-90 (3.6 g). The selected hybrids have a high level of selection-significant traits - productivity, vitamin C content, resistance to powdery mildew and bud mite.

The article provides information on the dynamics of the content of the total amount of water and its fractions (bound and free) in the shoots of various grape varieties. The research results showed that the studied grape varieties differed in the degree of adaptation to low negative temperatures. This property can be explained with the state of water in the tissues of the shoots during the period of stress exposure to negative temperatures.

Abstract Introduction. The Rostov region is the northernmost zone of industrial viticulture, where in some years, during the dormant period, there is a decrease in negative temperatures to a critical level. Under such conditions, when cultivating hybrid grape varieties with increased frost resistance without shelter for the winter, there is a high risk of losing not only part or the entire crop due to damage to plants due to exposure to low negative temperatures, but also their complete death.

Object. The object of research was the shoots of grape varieties of different origin and adaptation to low negative temperatures.

Materials and Methods The studies were carried out on the experimental field of the AllRussian Scientific Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Rostov Federal Agrarian Research Center in accordance with generally accepted methods. The adaptive potential to low negative temperatures of various varieties was assessed by freezing lignified annual shoots in a refrigerator in the following exposures: 18 ° C – 24 hours; -25 °C – 12 hours; -30o C – 8 hours, followed by determination of the number of live and damaged eyes. Previously, they were hardened in natural conditions, and then they were hardened in artificial ones, with a gradual decrease in temperature from -5 ° C to -15 ° C (7 days), followed by determining the number of live and damaged eyes, carried out after gradual thawing plant material. Water fractions (bound and free) were determined by the refractometric method, taking into account the amount of “bound” water remaining in the tissues and using hypertonic sucrose solution at different concentrations.

Results and conclusions. It was revealed that the varieties most adaptive to frost (Kober 5BB, Kristall, Violet early), even when exposed to a temperature of -30 ° C, had up to 8% of fully preserved eyes and 13 ... 25% of partially damaged ones. In other varieties, almost complete death of eyes was observed. By the beginning of the full maturity of the shoots, the water content in them stabilized at the level of 50...61% with a tendency to decrease during the period of stable frosty weather. In winter, the total amount of water decreased compared to the hardening phase, but changed less significantly than the ratio of its fractions (by 2.0-2.8 times). The relationship between the degree of adaptation to low negative temperatures of lignified shoots of different grape varieties and the state of water in them during the dormant period was confirmed (r=0.88…0.92).

Introduction. One of the most important state tasks is to ensure the country's food security. In addition to bakery products, the food basket of the population includes meat and dairy products, the production of which depends on the provision of livestock with full-fledged feed. Perennial grasses, especially legumes, play a crucial role in stabilizing the production of highly nutritious feed, improving soil fertility. In this regard, the issues of expanding the range of perennial grasses due to the introduction of new species and varieties of highly productive legumes that allow producing high-quality feed are relevant. The purpose of the research is to search for and scientifically substantiate the main parameters of the formation of high-yielding herbage from promising species of legumes to obtain the planned harvests of high-quality fodder mass.

Object. The object of research is traditional and non traditional leguminous grasses for the Lower Volga region: yellow alfalfa, blue hybrid and variegated hybrid, meadow clover, horned lyadvenets and esparcet: sandy, vicolisty and Transcaucasian.

Materials and methods. A comparative analysis was carried out on the irrigated area of the «AllRussian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture» from 2019 to 2022 to identify optimal combinations of yield-forming factors affecting the productivity of the studied crops. The research material was variants of the water regime of the soil, calculated doses of fertilizers, types of legumes. All measurements and records were carried out in accordance with the requirements of the experimental business methods.

Results and conclusions. It has been established that in the Lower Volga region on irrigated lands it is possible to obtain high and stable yields of promising legumes. The total water consumption of the studied grasses depended on the variant of the water regime of the soil and the age of the herbage. While maintaining the 60% pre-irrigation threshold, the total water consumption averaged 4248 m3/ha per year of sowing, 5209 – in the third year of life, 70% - 4375 and 5426, respectively, 80% – 4660 and 5737 m3/ha. The maximum yields of green mass were obtained in the second year of life with the maintenance of pre–watering soil moisture of at least 80% HB and the application of fertilizers with a dose of N₁₆₀P₉₀K₁₀₀ – 79-80 t / ha of alfalfa, 83-88 – esparcet, 63 – liadvenza, 69 t/ ha - clover with a yield of 11.7 to 13.5 thousand k units, 2.3-2.8 t trans. prot. and 170-200 GJ OE. The fodder mass of leguminous grasses was distinguished by high nutritional value: 1 kg of dry mass of lyadvenza contained 0.8 K. units, alfalfa – 0.62-0.64, esparcet – 0.60-0.64. The content of digestible protein was, respectively, 153, 132-137.

Introduction. Establishment of vine plantations requires large long-term investments, therefore, for successful cultivation, a complex of economic and biological indicators and properties of grape varieties should be taken into account. The main focus is the yield and quality of the products obtained.

Object. The object of the study are the grape varieties Rubinovyj Magarach and the control variety Cabernet Sauvignon.

Materials and methods. The study of grape varieties was carried out on the Don ampelographic collection named after Ya. I. Potapenko in 2016-2020 The culture of reference is covering, grafted onto the rootstock Kober 5BB, not irrigated. The scheme of planting bushes 3.0 x 1.5 m. The results of the study of agrobiological indicators, productivity, crop condition, organoleptic characteristics and tasting assessments of wines are presented. The study of varieties was carried out according to the methods generally accepted in viticulture and GOSTs.

Results and discussion. The analysis of agrobiological records showed that the preservation of eyes in the covering shaft averaged 71.5% for the Rubinovy Magarachа variety and 75.6% for the control variety Cabernet Sauvignon. The percentage of fruitful shoots, coefficients of fruiting and fruitfulness were higher in the studied variety at the level of 82.3%, 1.4 and 1.8, respectively, in the control variety – 80.5%, 1.3 and 1.6. The average weight of a bunch by years varied from 99 to 176 g in the studied variety and from 76 to 131 g in the control. The yield was more than 13 t/ha, exceeding the yield of the control variety by 62%. Wine tasting scores for the Rubinovy Magaracha variety over the years ranged from 8.6 to 8.8 points, the average score for the entire study period was 8.74. Cabernet Sauvignon has from 8.5 to 8.7 points, the average score is 8.58.

Conclusion. According to the results of the research, the Rubinovyj Magaracha variety stood out as promising in terms of productivity and quality of wine products. Recommended for expanding the range of vine plantations and use in breeding.

Introduction. With the increase in the application of economic sanctions, the urgent task is to create new domestic varieties that contribute to ensuring the stability of agricultural production. The most common and popular vegetable crop is tomato, the fruits of which contain vitamins, enzymes and biologically active substances that contribute to the preservation of human health and life expectancy.

The purpose of this research work is to assess the potential of promising tomato breeding material and create new competitive varieties based on it. The task is to replace foreign varieties and hybrids with domestic ones on the market of agricultural producers.

The novelty consists in qualitatively new features of the created varieties, their wide direction of use.

Materials and methods. The objects of study were selection samples of tomato salad direction. The research was carried out at the All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Vegetable and Melon Growing – the branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Caspian Agrarian Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences» in 2020-2022 according to generally accepted methods. Agrotechnical techniques corresponded to those used in the irrigated conditions of the Astrakhan region.

Results and conclusions. Tomato samples of the salad group were compared with the zoned variety Astrakhan. The selected varieties and lines are characterized by high yield, marketability and friendly ripening of large, durable fruits. Horse variety – with beautiful yellow fruits weighing 160-180 g. Since 2023, it has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation. A new variety of Red filling with large red fruits weighing 200 -220g, with a strong skin, has been transferred to the State Sortipytanie for 2023. A promising breeding line SL – 70/21 with fruits weighing 70-80 g of a leveled rounded shape with a small spout, characterized by a high sugar content. You can use the fruits of the presented samples as salads, processing into tomato products and canning. The cultivation of new tomato varieties by peasant farms and personal subsidiary farms will contribute to the import substitution of this crop and, as a result, the stability and food independence of the state.

The article presents the results of studying the influence of various periods of alfalfa sowing in rainfed conditions on the yield of green mass. The results of the research showed that the late autumn sowing period is more productive than the spring one, the excess in the second year of life averaged 8.4 t/ha for variety samples; the maximum yield in the variant with late autumn sowing was recorded in variable alfalfa Rostovskaya 60 (standard) and amounted to 46.0 t/ha.

Abstract Introduction. In the Astrakhan region, for a long time, natural pastures were the main source of succulent fodder. Today, due to climate change (more frequent droughts, winters with little snow, low rainfall), as well as uncontrolled, year-round, exceeding all allowable norms for the load per hectare, farm animals, natural pastures are under threat of extinction. Overseeding of perennial leguminous grasses, which are of great agroecological and agrotechnical importance, as well as provide animals with high-protein vegetable feed, can solve this problem. Due to the arid climate, alfalfa for hay in the region is cultivated mainly on irrigation. But this method is not suitable for pasture restoration. Therefore, the development of new improved agricultural practices for the cultivation of alfalfa in rainfed conditions is timely and relevant. The purpose of our research was to determine the optimal timing of sowing alfalfa under rainfed conditions on light chestnut soils of the Astrakhan region.

Materials and methods. The task was solved by setting up a field experiment in 2020 ... 2022 according to the method of Dospekhov B.A. (1985), VIR guidelines (1985) and practical recommendations of the All-Russian Research Institute of Feeds (1999) in the fields of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "PAFNTs RAS", located in the north of the Astrakhan region.

Object. The object of the study was alfalfa varieties from the collection of the All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov. The subject of the study was different timing of sowing alfalfa.

Results and conclusions. The agro-climatic resources of the Astrakhan region make it possible to grow alfalfa on dry land; the late autumn sowing period is more productive than in the spring, the excess in the second year of life averaged 8.4 t/ha for variety samples; the maximum yield in the variant with a late autumn sowing period was recorded for alfalfa variable Rostovskaya 60 (standard) and amounted to 46.0 t/ha; in the experimental variants with the spring sowing period, 5 samples significantly exceeded the standard in terms of green mass yield, the maximum yield was in the King alfalfa variety – 22.7 t/ha.

Improvement of ameliorative efficiency of systems of runoff-regulating forest belts on degraded slopes is based on regulation of snow accumulation in agro-forest landscapes through optimization of forest afforestation designs.

Introduction. In areas of exposed to soil erosion with a strongly developed ravine network to ensure the stability of slope agrocenoses it is recommended to create a system of protective forest belts, reinforced along the lower edge by hydraulic structures. The main volume of runoff into river systems is spring melt water. It can be regulated through snow deposition control along the slope profile and its retention in forest belts for accumulation of additional water supply in arid steppe conditions.

The object of the study was a system of contour runoff-regulating forest-strips located on a slope of steepness 1-7o near Kletskaya village, Kletsky district, Volgograd region. The system under study consisted of four paired forest belts reinforced with erosion control mounds along the entire length. The species composition of plantations is represented by Robinia pseudoacacia, Acer negundo, Ulmus pumila, Ribes aureum.

Materials and methods. The efficiency of the forest belt system in snow accumulation within the agroforest landscape was established on the basis of statistical processing of meteorological information in XLstat, calculation of the total range of wind-break influence of forest belts, field snow measurement observations and processing of the obtained data.

Results and conclusions. Weather conditions during the study periods differed, especially in the amount of precipitation, which affected the amount and nature of snow deposition in the forest belt system. The determining influence on snow distribution on the slope surface was the direction of snow transported winds. The territory is characterized by active snow transfer. The location of the forest belt system relative to the prevailing snowstorms is quite optimal (up to 73.3%). In each of the zones of influence of forest belts (field, upper plume, first paired forest belt, mound, second paired forest belt, lower plume) the character of snow accumulation was different. The results obtained allowed us to evaluate the snowprotective function of the considered system of forest stands and to identify the shortcomings of the plantation design. The erosion control berm had a direct impact on snow redistribution.

Introduction. Sandy massifs of the Don River and its tributaries, with a total area of more than 1 million hectares, are local hydraulic reservoirs and desalinators of river waters. Atmospheric precipitation, passing through the salt-washed aeration zone, drains into groundwater, springs and rivers. The volume of this water mass depends on the amount of precipitation, the type of sand and the biomass growing in the studied territories.

Materials and methods. The purpose of the work is to determine the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the water supply of plant formations and river systems, based on the study of the water balance of different types of sands and the determination of their areas when deciphering satellite images of the territory. To accurately calculate the water balance of the subregion, it is necessary to identify the types of soil and vegetation conditions and the areas occupied by them. When using geoinformation mapping based on the decoding of satellite images by the method of selection of standards and pixel image analysis, the main types of sands and the area of living ground cover in the key area of the Hopero-Medveditsky sand massif were identified. During field studies, the vegetation cover was studied and the features of the water balance for each standard were determined, the amount of water discharged by a key site in the Kumylga river was determined.

Results and conclusion. On the basis of the selected benchmarks and further interpretation of the space image of the territory, a soil and vegetation map of the key area was drawn up and the areas of sandy land types were determined. Based on water-balance studies at the key site, the annual discharge of precipitation to groundwater is 5348 thousand m3. Water intakes in the operating springs and on the left bank of the Kumylga river allowed to confirm the correctness of our calculations.

The problem of regulation of flows and balance of biogenic elements on reclaimed agricultural lands is considered. The principles of regulating the flows of biogenic elements have been developed, which allow us to form fundamental positions that give a fairly clear idea of the direction in which to search for effective technologies and ways to manage the balance.

Introduction. The relevance of research is determined by the global problem of providing food to the growing population of the earth and the contradictions that arise in an effort to solve this problem at the expense of the planet's natural resources. Regulation of the flows of biogenic elements is a powerful tool that allows increasing the productivity of agrophytocenoses, controlling all aspects of soilforming processes, and preventing environmental pollution. Systematic work with regulators of biogenic element flows should proceed from scientific knowledge of the mechanisms of their formation, dynamics, accumulation, expenditure, etc. And in this regard, it is necessary to make maximum use of all scientific developments, the laws of agriculture, the physical features of the formation of processes. But general rules must also be developed - principles according to which regulators will have to work in order to preserve the continuity of local goals and a global strategy for the harmonious development of nature and man. The purpose of this study is to develop principles for regulating the balance of biogenic elements on reclaimed lands.

Object. The object of research is the flows and balance of biogenic elements on reclaimed agricultural lands, considered as a factor of productivity of agrophytocenoses and expanded reproduction of soil fertility.

Materials and methods. The principles should be properly justified and extremely clear, axiomatic, and do not require complex, abstract proofs. Here, the «idealization» of the main provisions that will be included in the formulation of the principle is largely welcomed. The need for full compliance with the principle is not canonized, but the vector of striving for the "ideal" is indicated. For all its "philosophical" nature, the principles should proceed from a physical understanding of objective reality, a physical representation of objects, systems, and relationships.

Results and conclusions. The research has developed the principles of regulating the flows of biogenic elements, which allow us to form fundamental positions that give a fairly clear idea of the direction in which to search for effective technologies and ways to manage the balance. The research has proposed formulations of the principle of the objective necessity of regulating the flows of biogenic elements, the principle of naturalness, the principle of balanced turnover of substances, the principle of temporary and deferred action, the principle of dynamic equilibrium, the principle of responsibility for the impact, the principle of limiting regulatory action, the principle of waste-free system. The use of these principles, the desire to comply with their theses in the development of practical ways to regulate the flows of biogenic elements can become the system basis that will help create technologies that are organically integrated into natural ecosystems.

The article presents the results of assessing vitality of pine plantations under long-term recreational load. The research results showed that the relative vitality of forest stands and undergrowth is characterized as damaged and weakened, regardless of the type of forest. The results can be used to develop recommendations for forest management in suburban forests.

Introduction. The rapid growth of cities, the increase in the proportion of the urban population brought to the fore the problems of urban ecology and environmental protection. The preservation of natural forests and the creation of protective green spaces in and around the city contributes to a more comfortable and ecological living. A large amount of research on forest plantations is carried out in densely populated regions of the world within urban limits, as well as in suburban forests.

Object. The object of the study is pine plantations in fresh and grassy forests subject to recreational load.

Materials and methods. The work was carried out in the forest reserve of the Barnaul forestry, located within the urban district of Barnaul. At 12 permanent sample plots, the stages of recreational digression, taxation and vitality of the forest stand were assessed, the study of natural regeneration of the forest using methods generally accepted in the forest science was carried out.

Results and conclusions. Pine plantations within the city of Barnaul are subject to long-term anthropogenic load, which is expressed in the form of I-II stages of recreational digression in the grassy forest, II-III stages in the fresh forest. The index of vitality of forest stands shows that in the grassy forest its range is 46.58-78.00 (mean 60.13), in the fresh forest 46.11-80.81 (mean 65.18) and corresponds to the "damaged" vitality in most of the surveyed areas. The distribution of trees according to diameter classes in pine forest stands corresponds to the normal distribution in both types of forests, except for individual areas where the process of natural thinning occurs. Under the influence of recreational load, the main indicators of natural regeneration of the forest change – density, age structure, vitality. The density of undergrowth in the grassy forest is 0.8-2.9 thousand pieces/ha, in the fresh forest it is 3.4-8.8 thousand pieces/ha, while the frequency of undergrowth in the grassy forest is 2 times lower than in the fresh forest. The index of vitality of undergrowth in the grassy forest is 46.8-65.7 (mean 58.4), in the fresh forest 64.3-76.2 (mean 68.9), which characterizes it in most of the surveyed forest areas as «weakened».

Based on research conducted in 2022 at the Educational Research and Production Center of the Volgograd State Agrarian University «Gornaya Polyana», the article presents the results of studying of the mole maker main elements (two rack options and three forms of expanders for them), as the main working body for the formation mole irrigators – the main elements of the mole irrigation system. It has been established that trapezoidal racks with a “knife” (a front cutting edge 30 mm wide along the entire height of the stand) and a “chisel” (a rectangular cutting surface of the drainer) with a cone parabolic expander 380 mm long attached to it form the best mole plough construction.

Introduction. At present, drip subsoil irrigation is being intensively developed in the USA, Israel and other countries. The main advantage of these systems, in comparison with drip irrigation, is the complete mechanization of laying drip pipes with a diameter of 16 mm into the soil to a depth of 0.5 m. In this regard, the use of mole irrigation systems, as a main type of subsurface irrigation, consisting of the soil pipes, is a more efficient and cheaper method to deliver water and fertilizers directly to the roots of plants. Such soil pipes (mole sprinklers) are formed annually after the passage of a mole-maker, a special working body fixed on the frame of the MTZ-82 tractor.

Object. Mole plough for formation of the mole sprinklers.

Materials and methods. In the field experiments carried out at the Educational Research and Production Center of the Volgograd State Agrarian University «Gornaya Polyana», 2 variants of the mole-maker stand and 3 forms of expanders for them were investigated. The racks were trapezoidal form with «knife» (a front cutting edge 30 mm wide along the entire height of the stand) and with «chisel» (a rectangular cutting surface of the drainer) and a rectangular shape with an ellipsoid shape of the cutting surface of the drainer. The expanders were a combination of a cone and a cylinder (cone-cylindrical); cone and paraboloid (cone-parabolic) and on the contrary, paraboloid and cone (parabolic-cone) shape 300 and 380 mm long. The choice of the most effective design was evaluated by the degree of the molehill destruction.

Results and conclusions. Comparison of two variants of the mole rack showed that the design of the trapezoidal shape with a «knife» and a «chisel» was much more efficient, because for any shape and size of the expanders, the degree of destruction of the formed molehills was 5 ... 38% lower than when using a rectangular form with an ellipsoid the shape of the cutting surface of the drainer. Evaluation of the expander various options made it possible to establish that the cone-parabolic shape of the expander 380 mm long made it possible to form the most dense form of mole irrigators with a diameter of 50 ... 70 mm at a depth of 0.45 ... 0.50 m, minimizing the degree of destruction. The obtained results will be used to create an effective mole irrigation system for technical (on the example of cotton) and leguminous crops (on the example of soybeans).

The paper presents the results of studies on the effect of shoot load of tolerant to phylloxera variety – Pervenec Magaracha, cultivated in own-rooted culture, on the quality of grapes and wine. Based on literary review, the possibility of using grapes of this variety in cognac production has been confirmed.

Introduction. The production of grapes and their processed products is becoming increasingly expensive. Fuel for machinery, pesticides, fertilizers, materials for trellises, seedlings, etc. are becoming more expensive. All this is reflected in the cost of production. One of the ways to reduce the cost of grapes is the use of own-rooted seedlings tolerant to the main pest of grapevine – phylloxera. Until recently, it was believed that wine and other beverages made from grapes of such varieties were inferior in quality to classic European varieties. Our work proves the opposite. Therefore, studies aimed at identifying the possibility of using phylloxera-tolerant varieties grown in own-rooted culture for making wine and spirits in order to increase the profitability of grape production and its processed products are relevant.

The object of research is the effect of shoot load on the productivity of plantings and qualitative indicators of grapes and wine of tolerant to phylloxera variety – Perveneсz Magaracha, cultivated in own-rooted culture.

Materials and methods. The research was carried out on experimental plots of Novocherkassk department of experimental field of the All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after Ya.I. Potapenko (Novocherkassk, Rostov region). The experiments and all observations were carried out according to the method generally accepted in viticulture.

Results and conclusions. On average, over 4 years of research, the best yield indicators were noted in plants of the variant with a load of 45 shoots per plant – 16.6 t/ha. Higher quality indicators of grapes during this period were in the variant with the minimum load in the experiment (30 shoots per bush) – the concentration of sugars was 18.8 g/100 cm3, titrated acids – 8.4 g/dm3. With an increase in the number of shoots in structure of a bush to the maximum in the experiment (45 pieces/bush), the yield increased by 33%, the sugar content of berry juice decreased by 7.5%. According to the years of research, the yield of vineyards varied in a wide range, but was naturally higher in the latter variant. The conditions of grapes changed both by the years of research and by the variants of experiment. In 2019, 2020 and 2022, the values of sugar content in berry juice naturally decreased with an increase in the load of shoots. In 2021, an inverse dependence was found: with an increase in the load, the sugar content increased and the amount of titrated acids decreased. It depended on the weather conditions of growth period, filling and ripening of berries. The highest tasting rate of the wine of the 2019 vintage had wine made from grapes with 35 shoots in the structure of the bush (8.6 points). The most interesting wine made from grapes of the 2020 vintage was in the variants with the smallest (30 pcs/bush) and the largest (45 pcs/bush) shoot load. It was evaluated by the tasting commission of the Institute by 8.6 points. The grapes of Perveneсz Magaracha variety are suitable for the production of cognac, in quality comparable to the drinks made from classic cognac grapevine varieties.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the efficiency indicators of cultivating onions of the Hilton F1 onion variety with a drip irrigation method. The research results have shown that the considered options for combining regulated factors of yield formation are cost-effective and can be recommend for implementation in the process of agricultural production.

Introduction. The main goal of agricultural production in modern conditions is the optimal combination of technological and agrotechnical methods of cultivation of agricultural crops to increase production efficiency ensure high yields, increase production volumes. In this regard, onions are of particular interest. Therefore, optimization of the water regime of onion crops in the Lower Volga region is relevant. It is prove that the choice of an effective technology for growing products leads to the intensification of agricultural production, an increase in labor productivity, a reduction in the level of cost and an increase in the level of profitability of agricultural enterprises.

Object. The object of research is a hybrid of onions of the early-ripening growing season Hilton F1.

Materials and methods. The 2-factor field experiment was conduct according to the methodology of B. A. Dospekhov based on the Educational Research and Production Center of the Volgograd State Agrarian University «Gornaya Polyana».

Results and conclusions. According to the results of the research, the optimal combination of factors was revealed - variant A3B1 with a yield of 50 t/ha of onions with a pre-watering soil moisture of 80-90-80 % of the Lowest moisture capacity and the application of a dose of fertilizers (N₈₅P₇₀K₈₀). Net income per 1 ha of products in this variant amounted to 199.48 thousand rubles, and the level of profitability – 68.8%. Increasing the dose of fertilizers at 80-90-80 % of the Lowest moisture capacity contributed to an increase in the profitability of production from 68.8 to 71.8%, with an increase in yield to 60 t/ ha and the value of net income. Combination of soil moisture factors 60-70-60 % of the Lowest moisture capacity and the dose of fertilizer application N₁₆₀P₉₅K₁₀₅ kg d.v./ ha will allow to obtain onion yield at the level of 70 t / ha, while the profitability of production is 75.9%, net income amounted to 328.13 thousand rubles. Thus, the studied combinations of regulated yield-forming factors are costeffective and can be recommend for implementation in the process of agricultural production.

As a result of the conducted research, the advantages of drip were shown and the economic component of these works was revealed.

Introduction. The study of the use of drip irrigation, its technical part and economy, for further use in the region for the restoration of the territory of the Volgograd region, as well as the collection and analysis of economic data on the topic.

Object. The object of research is the degraded soils of the Volgograd region and the technical component of this topic.

Materials and methods. The study of the material on types of irrigation was carried out on the basis of the scientific works of I.P. Kruzhilin, M.S. Grigorov, V.V. Borodychev, A.C. Ovchinnikov, N.N. Dubenok, S.Y. Semenenko and other foreign sources, the formation of economic data based on the material base of the Volgograd State Agrarian University and the Federal Scientific Center for Agroecology, Integrated Reclamation and Protective Forestry of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Results and conclusions. The study of this topic allowed us to obtain data that will allow more widespread use of drip irrigation and maximize its advantages over other irrigation methods, reduce the negative load on soils, prevent the degradation of agricultural landscapes.

Introduction. The problem of water quality in natural reservoirs due to the high intensity of the use of water resources in economic activities is discussed at various levels. The use of water resources for drinking and domestic water supply of the population is an urgent problem at the present time. Determination of a place for the installation of water intakes on large rivers, including the river. Don is a problem due to silting of water intake pipes due to the degradation of water vows.

Object. The object of research is a section of the Don River near the village of Trekhostrovskaya.

Materials and methods. The studies of the bottom topography profile were carried out using a Doppler hydrological profiler Yenisei - 300. Water sampling from the river. Don was carried out in accordance with GOST R 59024-2020. Selection of bottom sediments from the river. Don was produced in accordance with RD 52.24.609-2013. Sample analyzes were carried out in a testing laboratory operating on the basis of the Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Results and conclusions. In the first section, the most optimal place for installing a water intake is at a distance of 30 meters from the location of the water intake at the time of the study. In the second section, the most optimal location of the water intake is 23 m from the water's edge at the time of the study. The results of the study of water samples indicate that the obtained values do not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations of analytes in water according to SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 and Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia No. 552 dated 12/13/2016. The assessment of the chemical composition of bottom sediments allows us to conclude that they are not a source of secondary pollution of the water body. The samples of bottom sediments were characterized by the presence of chlorides, sulfates, as well as calcium and sodium in small amounts.

This article presents the results of determining the dynamics of the burnability of landscapes in the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain in the context of municipalities. This is necessary to determine the most fire-hazardous areas in the floodplain, which will further optimize fire prevention measures.

Introduction. Identification of burnt-out areas in landscape fires and analysis of the patterns of burnability are quite urgent tasks. While much work has been devoted to forest fires, much less research has been devoted to grass and reed fires. In regions where, significant areas are occupied by reeds, the problem of fighting fires is acute. First of all, these are floodplains and deltas of large rivers, for example, the Lower Volga. The peculiarity of reed fires is that they can occur annually in the same place. The purpose of this study was to determine the dynamics of the burnability of landscapes in the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain in the context of municipalities. This is necessary to determine the most fire-hazardous areas in the floodplain, which will further optimize fire prevention measures.

Оbject. Burnt-out areas on the territory of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain within the boundaries of municipalities in 3 regions in the south of Russia are investigated.

Materials and methods. The burned-out areas were determined by the method of visual decoding of satellite images of high and ultra-high spatial resolution in a combination of "artificial colors" channels with the inclusion of near and short-wave infrared channels (NIR and SWIR). For verification, data on the combustion centers of FIRMS and information products FireCCI, MCD64 and GABAM were used. The combined use of all methods gives the greatest accuracy in determining the boundaries of burnt areas.

Results and conclusions. As a result of mapping using Landsat and Sentinel satellite data for 2001-2021, more than 16.6 thousand hares with a total area of 1.1 million ha (excluding repeatability) were identified. The regularities of the dynamics of the burnability of the landscapes of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain have been established: a significant negative trend has been recorded for the entire research area. The municipalities where a significant positive trend of floodplain landscapes is noted are identified: Kolobovskoye, Tsarevskoye rural settlements and Leninsk urban settlement in the Volgograd region.

The article presents the results of scientific research on the technology of cultivation of early soybean varieties under irrigation. A significant effect of mineral nutrition on the productivity and grain quality of soybean varieties Volgogradka 2 and VNIIOZ 86 was shown.

Introduction. Under irrigation conditions, for the cultivation of promising early soybean varieties, it is important to study the mineral nutrition. The purpose of the research is to identify the responsiveness of early soybean varieties to fertilizer doses calculated for programmed yield levels: 2.5; 3.5 and 4.5 t/ha of grain with maintaining the irrigation regime at least 80% HB.

Materials and methods. Early maturing soybean varieties of the Nizhnevolzhsky agroecotype, registered in the State Sort Register: VNIIOZ 86 – since 2002, Volgogradka 2 – since 2020. Doses of fertilizers (urea, nitroammophoska) were applied in accordance with the planned yield: 2.5 t/ha – N₆₃P₅₀K₂₅; 3.5 t/ha – N₈₈P₇₀K₃₅; 4.5 t/ha – N₁₁₃P₉₀K₄₅ kg AI/ha. The control variant was without fertilization. The harvesting area of the plots is 35 m2. Repetition 4-fold.

Results and discussions. With an increase in mineral nutrition, the maximum leaf surface area increases significantly – by 9.3–9.5 thousand m²/ha compared with the control (54.8–62.9 thousand m²/ha). The photosynthetic potential increases – up to 2.5–2.9 million m²×day/ha, in comparison with the control variant – 2–2.5 million m²×day/ha. However, an increased increase in biomass under the influence of fertilizers was noted only in the new variety Volgogradka 2 – from 15.3 t/ha of dry matter (control) to 19.3 t/ha. Fertilization led to a significant increase in the share of grain in the biomass in both varieties – up to 21.9–22.9%, compared with the control (14.7–16.6%). An increase in the background of nutrition increased the height of attachment of the lower bean to 0.13–0.16 m (especially in the Volgogradka 2 variety). The increase in economically valuable traits in soybean varieties led to a significant increase in yield in all variants of fertilizer application - up to 3.60–3.96 t/ha of grain, compared with the control – 2.33–2.40 t/ha. On fertilized variants, the content of protein in seeds increased from 32.7 and 36.0% (control) to 37.7–39.2%, as well as its collection – up to 1.19–1.28 t/ha. The concentration of fat increased, and its collection (0.55–0.65 t/ha) exceeded the control by 0.18–0.24 t/ha.

The article presents the results of assessing the salt resistance of sweet pepper samples by seed germination in saline solutions. According to the results of the study of collection samples of sweet pepper in conditions of stress factor-salinization, a valuable breeding material was identified. Screening for these characteristics at the initial stages of breeding will increase the effectiveness of selection and will allow processing a large amount of breeding material in a short time.

Introduction. Salinization of soils reduces the yield of crops, and can cause their death. This stress factor has an adverse effect on the periods of sweet pepper development, especially on seed germination and post-emergence growth. Therefore, the introduction into production of new varieties of sweet pepper, resistant to the stress factor-soil salinization, is a fundamental factor in increasing the yield of sweet pepper. The variety is the most economical way to increase the yield, which has recently been relevant for increasing the production of sweet pepper for import substitution purposes. The aim of the research is to assess the salt resistance of sweet pepper samples by seed germination in saline solutions to identify genotypes resistant to environmental stress factors, which will ensure the creation of highly competitive varieties with a wide adaptive potential.

Object. The object of research was 21 collectible samples of sweet pepper: varieties, F1 hybrids of Russian and foreign selection, as well as the variety lines of the Astrakhan State University named after V. N. Tatishchev.

Materials and methods. The research was carried out in the scientific and educational laboratory «Selection and seed production of agricultural crops» of the Astrakhan State University named after V. N. Tatishchev. The laboratory experiment was carried out using generally accepted methods and guidelines. The method of establishing salt resistance is based on a standard method for determining germination, where, along with germination of seeds on water, a variant of their parallel germination in salt solutions is introduced.

Results and conclusions. The article presents the results of the study of 21 collectible samples of sweet pepper. During the evaluation of the collection material, the distribution of collection samples of sweet pepper by salt resistance was carried out: highly salt-resistant, medium salt-resistant, weakly salt-resistant. As a result of germination of sweet pepper seeds in salt solutions, it was found that the resistance of the studied samples is different. When evaluating sweet pepper varieties, the “plasticity” indicator was determined. Differences in the reaction of varieties to changes in environmental conditions were revealed by calculating the regression coefficient bi. The index of environmental conditions (Ij) was calculated. Optimal conditions for the germination of sweet pepper seeds were formed with positive indicators of environmental conditions, the worst with negative indicators. The calculation of the indices of environmental conditions showed that the most favorable for the germination of sweet pepper seeds were: aqueous solution (control) (Ij = +37); 0.5% NaCl (Ij = +27); the worst conditions for the test were: 1% NaCl (Ij = -13); 1.5 % NaCl (Ij = -51).

Introduction. The use of high-quality dairy raw materials is of the utmost importance in the production of healthy food products. The modern aspiration of the population to the right way of life stimulates manufacturers to expand the range of products that meet the principles of nutrition in this direction. Goat's milk has a unique composition, high nutritional value, easy digestibility and hypoallergenicity, thanks to which it is in high demand among people who monitor their nutrition. The goal Development of technology for the production of cheeses with different contents in the recipe of protein concentrate, quality assessment of manufactured samples, analysis of obtained data.

Materials and methods. The production of samples of researched cheeses was carried out in laboratory conditions with exact observance of the conditions of all stages of technology. Standard approved methods were used to study and evaluate chemical and organoleptic indicators.

Results and conclusion. As a result of the experiment, 4 samples of goat cheese were produced, one of which was a control one, and the others with a protein concentrate content in the recipe in the amount of 1, 2.5, 5% of the total weight of the product. The optimal content of the filler was found experimentally, the quality indicators of the samples were evaluated and substantiated.

Data on the evaluation of the effectiveness of the complex mineral supplement of the Volgograd deposit in the diets of lactating cows are presented. The results obtained in the studies showed that the feed additive of natural Volgograd bischofite to diets deficient in magnesium content, allows you to significantly increase the average daily milk yield of experimental cows, improve its quality indicators in terms of fat and protein content. At the same time, the tested complex feed additive had a positive effect on morphological and biochemical indicators of the blood status of dairy cows.

Introduction. Determination of the effectiveness of the use of a natural complex mineral supplement from the Volgograd deposit when feeding lactating cows.

Materials and methods. In the studies, the influence of the complex mineral supplement of Volgograd bischofite was established on morphological and biochemical indicators of the blood status of dairy cows, their productivity and quality indicators of milk produced in terms of fat and protein content. Experimental work was carried out on lactating cows of the red steppe breed. Of these, two groups were formed, the first - control and the second - experimental. In the diets of experimental cows, a deficiency in the content of a vital mineral element, magnesium, was revealed. This shortcoming was filled for the second experimental group by introducing natural Volgograd bischofite into the diets.

Results and conclusions. According to the research results, feeding the test complex mineral supplement had a positive effect on the blood status and productive qualities of dairy cows. Thus, compared with analogues of the first control group, in the blood of animals of the second experimental group, the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin content increased by 7.40% and 2.05%, respectively, which indicates an increase in the work of the hematopoietic organs in them and a higher level of intensity of redox processes in the body. In cows of the experimental group, the content of total protein in the blood serum was higher by 1.87% and albumin - by 2.42% than in the control. In the experimental group, an advantage in average daily milk yield of 7.74% was also established, the content of fat in it by 0.05% and protein by 0.02%.

Introduction. Feed makes up 65,00 – 70,00 % of the total cost of growing in the poultry industry [2]. Animal protein is the most expensive component of compound feed for birds and makes up over 15,00 % of the total cost. In many poultry industries, fishmeal is the traditional animal protein for complete feed production, but it is expensive and lowers the expected profits of the poultry industry. On the other hand, excessive demand for poultry meat and eggs has increased the need for new feed components to support intensive poultry production. Thus, the feed industry needs an alternative source of highly digestible protein with a suitable amino acid profile to replace traditional protein sources. The fish concentrate studied by us has promising advantages in this respect. Fish concentrate «VolgaFish» is a by-product of aquaculture production with a higher nutritional value, has a crude protein content of 50,00 %, crude fat – up to 17,50 %, crude ash – up to 20,00 %. In addition, the fish concentrate studied by us contains a large amount of important fatty acids and minerals (especially calcium and phosphorus), in this regard, it is successfully integrated as a feed element in the poultry diet.

Object. The object of the study was the agricultural bird of the fast-growing cross ROSS-308.

Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research was the scientific developments of the authors who studied the use of non-traditional feed products in the cultivation of poultry for meat productivity. The presented studies were carried out in the period from 2021 to 2023. In the conditions of the the Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education «Volgograd State Agrarian University» on the poultry of the ROSS-308 cross. To perform the study, four groups were formed in three repetitions: control, 1-experimental. 2-experienced and 3-experienced 40 heads each. The poultry was raised from the daily to 37-day age with outdoor maintenance. The chickens were kept on a deep litter (sawdust), the feeding technology, watering and microclimate parameters meet the requirements of the ROSS-308 cross.

Results and conclusions. The chemical composition of fish concentrate exceeds fish meal in terms of crude protein by 2,15 %, crude fat by 0,25 %, crude ash by 0,28 %, which suggested the replacement of fish meal in broiler chicken feeding programs with this feed product. The use of «VolgaFish» fish concentrate in the feed for broiler chickens, which replaces 50,00 %, 75,00 % and 100,00 % fishmeal, made it possible to increase the average daily gain of poultry by 1,38-5,18 %, and the live weight individuals by 37 days of age by 1,32-5,01 %.

Introduction. When breeding dairy cattle to increase the genetic potential, it is important to use options for in-line selection and cross-leading lines in the breed. The aim of the study was to study the effectiveness of different selection options in dairy cattle breeding.

Оbject. The object of research was the lactating cows of the stud farm "Oroshaemoe".

Materials and methods. The data of breeding cards of cows (form 2-mol) served as the material for research.

Results and conclusions. In the herd of cattle of the Holstein breed of the stud farm "Irrigated" by monitoring the
productivity of cows, variants of intra-linear selection and line crosses have been established. Animals of various lines obtained by in-line selection are highlighted. The productive qualities of cows were studied (milk yield for the first 305 days of the highest lactation, the mass fraction of fat and protein, the amount of milk fat and milk protein for the analyzed period, live weight). The analyzed data were processed by methods of variational statistics. The analysis found that under the same conditions of feeding and keeping, animals of different lines of the Holstein breed, obtained by intra-linear selection, of the three leading lines of the breed – Vis Ideal, Reflection Sovering and Montvik Chieftain, have different indicators of the productivity of the selected traits. It has been established that the highest yields are characterized by animals obtained by inline selection in the Montvik Chieftain 95679 line. Animals of this line outperform cows from other lines in milk yield by 223.1-589.0 kg, or by 6.3-6.7 %. In terms of the amount of milk fat for 305 days of lactation, the superiority is 8.1-18.0 kg, or 2.8-6.3 %. Animals of this intraline selection produced milk protein more than cows of other lines by 11.4-20.8 kg. The article presents data on the live weight of animals of the three leading lines of the Holstein cattle breed.

The article presents the results of evaluating the effectiveness of the use of the probiotic drug "Subtilis – S" on the reproductive ability of female rabbits, as well as evaluating the effect of the combined use of the probiotic drug "Subtilis – S" and Jerusalem artichoke pulp as part of a full-fledged granular compound feed for young rabbits. The results of the research showed that the introduction of a complex of dietary supplements contributes to improving the safety, meat productivity and improving the quality of the products obtained in the industrial rabbit breeding industry.

Introduction. The main factor in realizing the genetic potential of productivity of rabbits is a fullfledged feeding, that is, balanced in vitamin, amino acid composition, metabolic energy, raw protein. It is this problem in rabbit breeding that is currently the most relevant and significant. On the other hand, more and more attention is being paid to the search and improvement of means aimed at increasing the body's defenses of breeding objects, including complex preparations of various origins as a growth stimulant, the acquisition of specific and nonspecific immunity, including dietary supplements with probiotic and sorption properties that have a positive effect on the safety and productivity of farm animals. The purpose of our research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of a complex of bioadditives of probiotic and sorption nature as part of a full-fledged granular compound feed for young rabbits in order to obtain environmentally safe rabbit breeding products.

Оbject. The object of research is rabbits of the hybrid form of the French selection Hikol.

Materials and methods. The research was carried out on the basis of the Lipetsk Rabbit LLC industrial complex in the Khleven district of the Lipetsk region. To conduct the research, a population of male rabbits of 30 days old, 15 heads in each group, was selected. The control group of rabbits received the main diet (compound feed without the introduction of dietary supplements), the rabbits of the experimental groups received compound feed PZK-92 UAH, which included the probiotic complex "Subtilis-S" (0.6 g / kg and 1.0 g / kg) and Jerusalem artichoke pulp 10% by weight of compound feed.

Results and conclusions. The use of the probiotic complex "Subtilis-S" contributed to an increase in the fertilization of rabbits by 8% relative to the control group of peers, there is a decrease in the level of stillborn baby rabbits by 47%. It was found that the largest nest mass during weaning was in the experimental group, which significantly exceeded the control group by 2,504 kg or 29.82% (P≥0.95), which is associated with higher milk rabbits of the experimental group. The combined use of the probiotic drug "Subtilis - S" at a dosage of 1.0 kg per 1 ton of compound feed and Jerusalem artichoke pulp at a dosage of 10% as part of a full-fledged granular compound feed contributed to an increase in the live weight of individuals in group 3, which affected the slaughter yield, which was 62.09%. As a result of the conducted studies, an increase in the pulp mass in the carcasses of group 3 was achieved by 12.45% and an increase in the meat index to 4.79. An increase in the protein content in the meat of rabbits of the 3rd group was recorded, with a simultaneous decrease in the mass of the fat fraction, which indicates an increase in the nutritional value of meat. The economic evaluation of the research results indicates an increase in the level of profitability by 32.59% when using the proposed full-grain granular compound feed with the introduction of the studied dietary supplements.

Relevance. The main factor contributing to the realization of the genetic potential of farm animals and poultry is still a full-fledged balanced feeding.In pig and poultry farming, feed is the largest cost item, accounting for 70-75% of all production costs.Therefore, manufacturers are constantly trying to optimize compound feeds, both in terms of cost and nutritional value, so that animals can better realize their genetic potential for productivity while maintaining health.Due to the steadily rising prices for grain feed, enterprises engaged in the production of pig and poultry products are forced to search for alternative feed sources.

Object. The objects of research were young pigs and broiler chickens.

Materials and methods. The experimental part of the studies on pigs was carried out in the conditions of Scientific studies were carried out on pigs in the conditions of JSC Krasnodonskoye, Ilovlinsky district of the Volgograd region, on broiler chickens in the conditions of the Research Center "Safety and Efficiency of Feeds and Additives" of the Volgograd State Agrarian University.

Results and conclusions. The research results presented in the article testify to the effectiveness of the use of lupine instead of full-fat soybeans in feeding pigs and broiler chickens. The use of lupine grain in the compound feed formula for pigs and broiler chickens allowed to increase live weight and improve blood counts. According to the results of the experiments, due to the use of lupine, the live weight of young pigs increased by 1.83-3.15%, and broiler chickens by 2.95%. The number of erythrocytes in the blood of pigs increased by 0.21-0.83 million / μl, leukocytes decreased by 0.20-1.70 thousand / μl, total protein increased by 0.47-1.01 g%, calcium increased by 1 47-1.84%, phosphorus by 0.08-0.16 mmol / l. Feeding compound feed to broiler chickens using lupine contributed to an increase in erythrocytes by 0.14 (10 ¹²/l), a decrease in leukocytes by 1.4 (10⁹/l), an increase in total protein by 1.89 g/l, calcium and phosphorus by 0.08 and 0.18 mmol/l. Thus, feeding lupine instead of full-fat soybeans in compound feed for young pigs and broiler chickens had a positive effect on zootechnical and hematological parameters.

The article studied the survival and activity of Russian sturgeon spermatozoa using various cryogenic media, assessing the effectiveness of using cryopreserved sperm in the artificial reproduction of Russian sturgeon.

Introduction At present, the survival and activity of Russian sturgeon spermatozoa are being studied using various cryogenic media. Possibility of increasing the low cryoresistance of sturgeon sperm due to the use of antioxidants in the composition of basic cryoprotective media. However, today, inbreeding of individuals is often carried out at fish hatcheries, which threatens with the loss of the natural genetic diversity of populations, inbreeding and, accordingly, a decrease in the adaptive potential of animals. While the preservation of cryopreserved sperm during artificial reproduction, at fish farms, will allow obtaining genetically heterogeneous offspring, reduce the area and cost of maintaining males, thereby allowing an increase in the production herd of females. Biotechnical development of cryopreservation of spermatozoa in Russian sturgeon for the purpose of their long-term storage at low and ultralow temperatures is an important area of research in the field of aquaculture and involves the creation of cryobanks of sturgeon genomes. It is known that aqueous plasma crystals and the cell itself often cause spermatolysis when frozen. Therefore, the search for substances with cryoprotective properties continues to this day. In this work, we studied various cryomedia in various proportions using sturgeon seminal fluid. The results obtained were compared with the base medium. In addition, the freezing and storage of seminal fluid was carried out in two versions: at low and ultra-low temperatures. The cold resistance of spermatozoa was assessed by spermatozoa motility and morphological analysis of cells by light microscopy. It is shown that this is due to the composition of cryoprotectants. The most severe violations were observed when adding osmotically active substances, including some inorganic compounds.

Оbject. The object of the study is the spermatozoa of the Russian sturgeon.

Materials and methods. Reproductive cells of Russian sturgeon males obtained in the scientific center "Breeding of valuable sturgeon breeds" were used for the study. The studies were carried out at the Scientific Center "Breeding of valuable sturgeon breeds" of the Volgograd State Agrarian University. For the study, Russian sturgeon sperm, obtained at the research center, was used. The studies were carried out in 2020-2022. sperm was obtained by the method of Tsvetkova et al. Collection, placement and storage of samples in a Dewar vessel equipped with canisters for placing biomaterial, which are suspended in a vessel on fiberglass handles to reduce heat gain and obtain maximum storage time at liquid nitrogen temperature, freezing was carried out in accordance with the “Regulations on the collection genetic low-temperature fish sperm bank” (1996) and "Procedure for collecting and laying in a low-temperature bank of genetic collections of fish sperm" (1996), approved by the Interdepartmental Ichthyological Commission. Also used polyethylene containers for freezing and storage with a volume of 1.5 and 0.6 ml. binocular microscope Micromed, Goryaev's camera, which was necessary to count the number of cells in a given volume of liquid. In studies on cryopreservation, semen with an activity of 4 and 5 points was used. Cryopreservation of reproductive cells was carried out according to a previously developed method using the most optimal cryoenvironment. The essence of the freezing technique is as follows. Freezing of a biological object in nitrogen vapor occurs from the initial temperature to the eutectic one. When the temperature reaches the cryoscopic value, the stage of ice crystal formation begins. When the crystal formation process ends, and the temperature throughout the volume of the test tube with the biological object reaches the eutectic temperature, the test tube with the biological object is immersed in liquid nitrogen, continuing its freezing to a final temperature of –196 C. After that, the test tube with the biological object is left in liquid nitrogen for long-term storage. Russian sturgeon sperm samples were kept in liquid nitrogen for 12 hours.

Results and conclusions. When freezing the seminal fluid of Russian sturgeon in cryo-medium № 1, the life time of spermatozoa during dilution averaged 228.1 seconds, with defrosting 134.6 seconds, while the activity of diluted sperm was 57.8%, and defrosted 43.8%. During cryopreservation in medium № 2, in comparison with cryo-medium № 1, the activity and lifetime of diluted sperm increased by 6.32% and 5.11%, defrosted sperm by 4.95% and 4.43%, respectively. The use of cryo-medium № 3 in comparison with cryo-medium № 1 did not have a significant effect on the increase in the activity of spermatozoa in dilute and defrosted seminal fluid (3.38 and 2.22%, respectively), however, an increase in the lifetime of spermatozoa by 8.84% was recorded. (diluted) and 8.21% (defrosted). When using medium № 4 containing soy lecithin, it was recorded that, in comparison with cryo-medium № 1, the activity of diluted sperm increased by 13.55, and defrosted by 10.6%, while the lifetime of spermatozoa increased by 2.79 and 2.05%. Thus, the implementation of research results will increase the demand for cryotechnologies for large volumes of sperm required for the formation of industrial cryobanks.

The article is devoted to the study of breast cancer in dogs - a common oncological disease in veterinary medicine. The paper analyzes in detail the factors predisposing to the development of this disease and the effect of the tumor on the functioning of the pet's body. The methods of classification and diagnosis of the tumor, including puncture biopsy and photofixation, are described. Histological examination of the breast and adjacent tissues is performed. The results of the study indicate that adenomatosis in dogs is more common than other pathologies and may be associated with various disorders in the sexual cycle.

Introduction. Breast cancer in dogs makes up a significant proportion of all cancers, so this type of tumor requires careful and detailed study. Predisposing factors play an important role in the occurrence of tumors. The disease is characterized by a violation of all vital functions of the animal's body.

Materials and methods. Mammary tumors in bitches were classified according to the TNM system (8th edition, 2017) as follows: T3 – tumor about 6 cm; N0 – regional lymph nodes cannot be palpated; M0 – no signs of distant metastases. Puncture at the sites of tumors was taken using standard selection methods using the puncture biopsy technique, and photographic recording was performed. Puncture at the sites of tumors was taken using standard selection methods using the puncture biopsy technique, and photographic recording was performed. For histological examination, a fragment of the mammary gland with a pathological area of skin, a nipple with adjacent tissues and a lymph node was taken.

Results and conclusions. Adenomatosis in bitches occurs much more often (19 cases) than other mammary gland pathologies and can be associated with disruption of the reproductive cycle in bitches of various breeds of dogs for a number of reasons - changes in hormonal levels, concomitant diseases, lack of mating, etc.

Introduction. A promising direction in the study of obstetric and perinatal pathology in sheep breeding is the study of eclampsia in pregnant ewes, which makes it possible to more reasonably prevent obstetric and perinatal pathology, as well as to solve issues of animal reproduction and the safety of young lambs. The aim of the study was to study histochemical changes in digital indicators associated with placental segmentation in patients with uterine eclampsia.

Materials and methods. For pathomorphological examination, tissue samples of sheep placentoma, as well as fetal and maternal kidneys were placed in 10% neutral formalin. Then the samples were dehydrated in a battery of alcohols of ascending strength, clarified in chloroform using a Cytadel 2000 histoprocessor (Shendon) and enclosed in a Histomix paraffin medium (Biovitrum). Paraffin blocks were cut on a rotary micrometer, slices with a thickness of 5 microns were obtained and mounted on slides. For the review study, the sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin-phloxin according to the generally accepted method. To study the distribution of extracellular matrix in placental tissues, Masson staining of paraffin sections was used. To study acidic and neutral glycosaminoglycans (GAG) in the samples of the plate, the sections were subjected to double staining. The nuclei were finished with Mayer's hematoxylin. Micro-preparations were studied and photographed using an AxioScope.A1 (ZEISS) microscope equipped with an AxioCam MRc5 high-resolution digital camera.

Results and conclusion. When analyzing the structural components of the placenta, it was found that the connective tissue base of the chorionic villi of cotyledon of the sheep fetus was represented by strands of collagen fibers originating from the chorioallantoic membrane. In the stromal part of the caruncular septa, the collagen framework was weakly expressed. The study of the content of neutral and acid GAGs (Glycosaminoglycans) in the sheep placenta revealed that CHIC (Schiff-iodic acid)-positive components (neutral GAGs) constituted the interstitial substance of both the uterine crypts and the stroma of the villi, but acid GAGs were detected only with edema and swelling of single villi. The histological study of this sheep placenta made it possible to establish the absence of acute disorders of the uteroplacental circulation in the form of massive hemorrhages and ischemic infarcts of the placenta, as well as stromal sclerosis or fibrinoid alteration of the chorionic villi. The proportion of avascular villi and fibrinoid deposits increased in eclampsia compared with normal pregnancy increases from 0.06 in control to 0.16 mm³/mm³ and reflects pronounced dystrophic changes and massive deposits of fibrinoid substance in the placenta of pregnant women. sheep at the final stage of gestation. During physiological pregnancy, in the total volume of the fetal membranes, the index of the share of the packing density of avascular villi and fibrinoid takes up. The packing density of the villi in the volume of the placenta was the highest and increased as the severity of the course of eclampsia increased. Therefore, an increase in the digital indicators of certain structural elements of the placenta indicates, on the one hand, the compensatory changes that have occurred, and on the other, extremely adverse consequences for the mother and fetus. An increase in the packing density of the structural elements of the placenta and their specific surface areas is the main mechanism for ensuring adequate conditions for the development of the intrauterine fetus.

Introduction. Over the past decades, commercial fish farming has experienced a rapid increase in production volumes, which is favorably reflected in economic profitability [8]. As production scales up, so does the likelihood that the industry will face new biological, economic and social challenges that could affect productive and sustainable fish production. Therefore, it is important that the industry strives to monitor and control the effects of these problems in order to avoid potential problems when scaling production. Fish populations continue to decline worldwide, signaling the need for new conservation initiatives for endangered species [10]. Over the past two decades, with the development of our understanding of fish biology and commercial fish farming, new strategies for managing fish genetics and reproduction have focused on the use of breeding methods. The development of breeding methods to propagate the most frequently farmed sturgeon species is of increasing interest among scientists, primarily as a means of increasing the production of marketable fish.

Object. Research was focused on breeding sturgeons (Russian sturgeon, Lena sturgeon, sterlet).

Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research was the scientific developments of authors involved in genetics and breeding in the cultivation of sturgeon fish. The presented studies were carried out during the period of the Research Laboratory "Breeding of valuable sturgeon breeds" of the Volgograd State Agrarian University. The basis for conducting scientific research is an integrated approach to the problem under study, which consists in the use of analytical data from scientific literature, classical and modern research methods and comparative analysis, generalization with the calculation of basic statistical parameters.

Results and conclusions. The analysis of fish-breeding and reproductive qualities of sturgeons was carried out. All the described trends and expectations will provide new research that will be very useful for increasing the commercial production of sturgeon fish and their caviar. In addition, improved analytical tools will enable optimal protection and conservation of endangered sturgeon populations, especially based on valuable gene banks (live fish and cryopreserved sperm).

The purpose of the study was to establish the comparative effectiveness of the used schemes for the treatment of mycotic mastitis in cows in the Kamyshin district of the Volgograd region. The object of research are dairy cows diagnosed with mycotic mastitis. The diagnosis of mycotic mastitis was based on mycological studies of secretions from the quarters affected by the pathological process. The cows of the second experimental group were treated with Thioconazole and Kerbamint gel.

Introduction. The purpose of the study was to establish the comparative effectiveness of the used schemes for the treatment of mycotic mastitis in cows in the Kamyshin district of the Volgograd region.

Object. The object of research is dairy cows diagnosed with mycotic mastitis.

Material and methods. The diagnosis of mycotic mastitis was based on mycological studies of secretions from the quarters affected by the pathological process. The results of the clinical study consisted of examination and palpation, as well as analysis of the quality of milk, taking into account its macroscopic changes. For the treatment of cows of the first experimental group (n=10), a local application of the antifungal emulsion «DC - Decamethoxin and Clotrimazole» was used. The cows of the second experimental group (n=10) were treated with Thioconazole and Kerbamint gel. The third group was the control (n=10). The results were subjected to statistical processing in the Biostat 3.0 program.

Results and conclusions. All 100% of the cows of the experimental groups had clinical signs, such as a swollen udder with heat and pain when touched. Reference intervals for all variables: Wood and Quirosh-Roche were found among leukocytes, segmented and stab neutrophils. The median and frequency distributions of all components of the leukogram differed significantly between the two groups (P<0.01, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U-test) occurred among eosinophils and basophils. When using the drug Thioconazole + Kerbamint, recovery in the 2^nd experimental group occurred 0.2 days earlier than recovery in the 1st experimental group using the drug - the antifungal emulsion «DC - Decamethoxin and Clotrimazole». When using an antifungal emulsion in the 1st experimental group for the treatment of the antifungal emulsion «DC - Decamethoxin and Clotrimazole», the economic efficiency per ruble of costs was 22.77 rubles. When used in the 2nd experimental group for the treatment of Thioconazole and Kerbamint, the economic efficiency per ruble of costs was 22.07 rubles.

The article analyzes in detail the impact of man-made objects on the avifauna in the coastal zone of the Murmansk region. Based on the route records of 2022, the study reveals the dynamics of changes in bird populations and their diversity in the context of various biotopes exposed to man-made impacts. The results of the study identify problem areas and provide a basis for biodiversity conservation strategies in the region.

Introduction. In the light of the active anthropogenic impact on natural ecosystems, the issue of studying changes in avifauna is becoming more and more relevant. The article you are holding in front of you is a detailed study of this problem in the context of the coastal zone of the Murmansk region. The Murmansk region, with its diversity and richness of bird species, as well as a significant number of man-made objects, is of great interest to scientists and researchers. The present study addresses the problems of changes in the number and diversity of birds in the context of various man-made objects, such as actively operated industrial enterprises, abandoned man-made objects and places with active economic activity. Particular attention is paid to the relationship of avifauna and various biotopes located in the immediate vicinity of these objects.

Materials and methods. The presented analysis is based on data obtained as a result of route surveys conducted in May-July 2022, and includes extensive data on 11 sections of the Barents Sea coast.

Object. This review contributes to understanding the impact of man-made factors on birds and will help in the formation of strategies for the conservation and management of biodiversity in the region.

Results and conclusions. The analysis of information on the influence of large technosphere objects on the composition of the avifauna of coastal marine ecosystems is carried out. The assessment of the current state of avifauna in the areas of formation and functioning of large man-made objects has been carried out. The possibility of using avifauna as an indicator of environmental sustainability of territorial Arctic objects is evaluated. The classification of ecotopes according to the degree of intensity of their economic development is carried out.

The article presents the results of monitoring of aquatic biological resources, as well as the release of juvenile fish from the Tsimlyanskiy fish hatchery. The results showed that the number of catches exceeds the number of released juvenile carp and white bighead. White amur, in turn, prevails more in releases than in catches.

Introduction. Relevance of theme is caused by necessity of increase of fishery value and also increase of exit of commodity production in Tsimlyanskoye water reservoir by means of artificial reproduction of fish stocks. In order to increase valuable fish species in the reservoir, first of all, it is necessary to carry out technical melioration of spawning grounds. Besides, it is important to carry out catching of those species, which are low-productive, namely roach, goose, crucian carp. So, for regular replenishment of commercial stocks with young valuable fish species, namely to partially replace natural reproduction of fish by industrial rearing of juveniles the Tsimlyansk Fish Hatchery was built. The main advantage of such breeding directly before the natural reproduction is a stable receipt of landing material irrespective of a level mode as well as hydrological features of the Tsimlyanskoye reservoir.

Materials and methods. The monitoring works were carried out on the base of the Tsimlyanskiy fishfarming plant and the Volgograd branch of the «All-Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography». The objects of the studies were young carp (Cyprinidae), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and white silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix).

Results and conclusions. According to the received data from release of young carp from the Tsimlyanskiy fish-farming factory, it is possible to draw a conclusion that this species of carp has formed its population optimally enough, according to what, release in 2021 was not carried out at all. During the study period, a total of 85.21 tons of young carp, 183.25 tons of white amur and 65.89 tons of white silver carp were released. The catch in the Tsimlyanskoye reservoir within the borders of Volgograd and Rostov regions in dynamics for the period 2018-2021 is: carp – 3669.5 tons, white amur - 104.75 tons, white bighead carp – 316.27 tons.

The design of a sorption filter developed to increase the efficiency of water treatment technological processes is presented. The main feature of the presented design is to ensure the continuity of the filtration process due to the rapid replacement of filter cassettes without stopping the filter to perform washing.

Introduction. The urgent need to improve technological processes of water treatment and to develop new approaches to increase their efficiency is connected primarily with the annually growing volume of water consumption for household, drinking and industrial needs. In its turn, big volumes of water consumption lead to the growth of volumes of waste water discharged into surface water sources. The methods and technologies of water treatment used in Russia are obsolete. Large areas are required for the technological process and technical equipment is worn out, which results in improper water quality for consumers.

Object. The sorption filter with a cassette type of loading is the object of research.

Materials and methods. To increase the efficiency of technological processes of water treatment the design of a sorption filter with a cassette type of loading was developed the main feature of which is to ensure filtration process continuity due to operative replacement of the filtering cassettes without stopping the filter for washing. The filtering load in chambers was distributed with decreasing of the size of grains in the direction of filtering of processed liquid: the size of grains in the first chamber was 3-5 mm, in the second chamber 2-3 mm, in the third chamber 1-2 mm and in the fourth chamber 0.5-1 mm. Efficiency of treatment was evaluated both for natural water taken from a surface water source (Volga River) and for preliminarily clarified wastewater from a cattle-breeding complex.

Results and conclusions. The expediency of application of filters with cassette type of loading is confirmed by high efficiency of natural and waste water treatment. The pH indicator was reduced by 11,39 %, total iron – by 38,3 %, divalent iron – by 20,0 %, trivalent iron – by 59,09 %, zinc – by 57,72 %, copper – by 42,5 %, ammonium nitrogen – by 46,48 %, potassium – by 45,86 %. The presented design of the filter with a cassette type of loading is notable for its high efficiency due to the continuous filtration process and rapid replacement of the filtering cassettes with a filtering load. Rationality of the cassette filter application in the technological chain of water treatment is confirmed by high cleaning efficiency, which is 11,39-59,09 %.

The relevance and importance of the livestock industry in greenhouse gas emissions has been studied according to scientific publications. The results of experimental field studies in the conditions of a model small-scale vegetation experiment to study the dynamics of greenhouse gas content depending on the technology of multi-depth application of various types of cattle manure and liquid livestock effluents are presented.

Introduction. The problem of the intensity of changes in the global climate situation has united many scientists in an effort to study the sources of this phenomenon and determine ways to reduce or slow down the processes that cause it in the chain «biosphere-region-production».

Object The object of the study is greenhouse gases, namely carbon dioxide, as the most massive of them, in animal byproducts.

The aim of the work is to obtain updated data on the dynamics of greenhouse gases (CO₂) in the soil profile during the layering of cattle manure and liquid livestock effluents.

Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research was the methods of system analysis, synthesis and theoretical provisions of reclamation science. The generally accepted adapted methods of theoretical, laboratory, field research with the use of modern scientific equipment, as well as mathematical and statistical methods of data processing were used.

Results and conclusions. Under the conditions of a model vegetation field experiment, data were obtained on the significant influence of the depth of manure laying of varying degrees of "maturity" and the method of applying liquid livestock effluents on the volume of layered deposition of carbon dioxide. It is recommended to use the technology of intrasoil application of semi-ripened manure to a depth of 0.10 ... 0.25 m and liquid livestock effluents to a depth of 0.25 ...0.30 m, providing an increase in the carbon content in the arable and sub-arable layers. The scientific and practical significance lies in obtaining new knowledge about the dynamics of greenhouse gases in the pedosphere with multi-depth intra-soil application of livestock effluents, their effective utilization with the provision of sanitary and hygienic and epidemiological requirements, increasing soil fertility and crop yields.

In order to compare the vitamin composition of gluten-free pasta from corn, chickpea, buckwheat, rice flour, it can be concluded that the presence of a complex of nutritional components in the pasta has an impact on the quality and nutritional value of pasta. the value of the product.

Introduction. The article discusses the results of a comparison of the vitamin content of gluten-free pasta made with non-traditional ingredients like rice, corn, chickpeas, and buckwheat flour.

Object. During the investigation, it was discovered that the quality of gluten-free pasta developed from corn, chickpeas, buckwheat, rice, and wheat flour is equivalent to the requirements of regulatory and technical documents.

Materials and methods. For the purpose of comparing the vitamin composition of gluten-free pasta made from corn, chickpeas, buckwheat, rice flour, it can be concluded that the presence of a complex of nutritious components in the pasta has an effect on the quality and nutritional value of the product.

Results and conclusions. Celiac disease is a chronic condition that is triggered by a genetic predisposition coupled with an intolerance to the gluten protein found in certain cereals, including wheat, rye, barley and oats. This is distinguished by the presence of 6y-xyglutinous gliadin. In the diets of children and adults with gluten-related disorders, special gluten-free products are recommended: these are derived from gluten-free components: buckwheat, corn, chickpea, rice starch, etc. This is how it's crucial to determine and compare the relative vitamin content of gluten-free pasta, which is recommended to be eaten by people. These metrics demonstrate that they augment the qualitative composition of pasta products derived from a new recipe.

Currently, modern software tools make it possible to obtain data faster and with less resources and creates opportunities to analyze the features of the use of digital information technologies in land reclamation.

Introduction. This article analyzes the features of the use of geoinformation technologies in land reclamation. To solve these problems of operational monitoring of agricultural land, it is proposed to use modern equipment and software products, i.e. unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and geographic information systems (GIS).

Object. The object of research is unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and geographic information systems (GIS).

Materials and methods. To process the collected data, having your own unmanned vehicle and software package, you can organize work on processing images from the UAV. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to assess the condition of agricultural plants. This will allow timely application of differentiated fertilizers, plant protection products and top dressings with precise doses for each small area of the field. Orientation works automatically with the BPLA GPS application. Used software Agisoft Metashape, AutoCad, CloudCompare, Mapinfo and others.

Results and conclusions. For the formation and processing of 3D relief models, the procedure for constructing point clouds based on aerial photography data, remote shooting of agricultural fields from a UAV is given. As an economic justification, a comparative analysis of various options for implementing remote sensing technology with the support of GIS technology is given. It has been established that aerial photography from an aviation-type UAV will be cost-effective only if the total survey area is at least 700 hectares, since the area of the site in our case is only 63 hectares, it is advantageous to use a copter-type UAV.

Introduction. Potatoes are the most important food crop around the world, and Russia is no exception. More than 65% of potato production is concentrated in the households. Potato growing using strip-till is an innovative resource-saving technology used in modern production. The proposed method of spraying allows more competent and effective application of sprayed material on the object of treatment, depending on
the phase of growth and development of cultivated plants.

Materials and methods. Research on the quality indicators of spraying was carried out on the Experimental site of the scientific demonstration platform «Innovation Village». An indicator method was used to evaluate the distribution of the spray material on the object and in the treatment strip. Strips of water-sensitive paper were attached to the leaves to catch drops. The degree of coverage of the leaf plate with solution drops was determined using a patented software product for calculating the quality parameters of spraying with processing in the Image Color Summarizer program.

Results and conclusions. Based on the results of field research, a graph showing the dependence of the degree of coverage of the treatment object with drops of spray material depending on the spraying method used. The scheme of the arrangement of water-sensitive strips depending on the architecture of the plant on the object and on the width of the treated strip is presented. The system of technological operations to protect potatoes, taking into account the choice of type of treatment depending on the phase of growth and development of crop plants is presented. The comparison of the results obtained for strip and continuous blanket spraying allows making a conclusion about the effectiveness of strip spraying with the side spraying method. As a result of the evaluation of qualitative indicators showed that the application of strip spraying results in a more stable flow of spray material the width of the treated strip. The use of the lateral method of spraying of spray material promotes to the redistribution of spray material of plant protection agents from the inter-band space to the growth strip of the crop plant, thus reducing the pesticide load on the soil and the environment.

The article presents an analysis of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the current state of the use of sprinkler equipment on irrigated lands of the Volgograd region, the elements of operational and technical characteristics of irrigation equipment are studied on the example of a wide-reach sprinkler machine of circular action.

Introduction. The development of highly productive and sustainable agriculture in the Volgograd region can be ensured only with the help of artificial irrigation. Due to the high level of mechanization and automation of the process, the possibility of irrigation in fields with difficult terrain, such a method of irrigation as sprinkling has become widespread in the region. However, according to the results of annual monitoring, a significant number of sprinklers currently operating due to low technical level, high service life, low reliability and, often occurring extreme wear of technical elements, do not meet the modern requirements of reclamation measures. Thus, the study of the current state and prospects for the use of sprinkler equipment is necessary for the introduction into circulation of a new generation of machines with higher technical and economic indicators. As an example of modern domestic sprinkler equipment, the article considers the wide spreader sprinkler «Don-K».

Object. The object of the study is sprinkler machines used in the modern period on irrigated lands of the Volgograd region.

Materials and methods. The paper uses materials of scientific papers and official statistical data reflecting the current state of application of sprinkler machines in the region. Mathematical, statistical, comparative–analytical and system methods of analysis were used in the research process. The research of the the wide spreader sprinkler «Don-K» was carried out in the summer of 2020 on the basis of the Educational Research and Production Center of the Volgograd State Agrarian University «Gornaya Polyana».

Results and conclusion. Effective provision of the agro-industrial complex with irrigation equipment is one of the priority tasks of the development of agriculture in the Volgograd region. The availability of sprinklers, including domestic production, in the conditions of the arid climate of the region directly determines the competitiveness of the grown products, since today irrigation in most municipalities is carried out directly using specialized equipment – 50430, 20 hectares. The most common names of sprinkler equipment were: Bauer, Kuban and DKSH-64. However, there is an urgent need to develop sprinkler machines of domestic production with increased technical and operational indicators. As an example of such a technique, we have considered the wide spreader sprinkler «Don-K», installed in 2018 on the basis of the Educational Research and Production Center of the Volgograd State Agrarian University «Gornaya Polyana». Thus, it was found that the Don-K sprinkler with a constant pressure in the pipeline at the inlet – 3 atm and wind speeds up to 5.5 m / s provides fully automated irrigation with the issuance of irrigation standards ranging from 80 to 340, depending on the selected speed mode of eight preset. The intensity of artificial rain under the specified conditions was 0.2 mm/min. In the course of the study, isolated case s of bending of the pipeline and subsequent stopping of the machine were noted, which is associated with the slipping of the Don-K wheels at 7 and 8 speeds. Loamy soil type prevails on the irrigated area, which additionally affected the situation. However, in combination of factors, with the correct adjustment of the machine, aimed at minimizing the above factors, it can be concluded that the sprinkler machine, in conditions of constant wind load and difficult terrain characteristic of the Volgograd region, is capable of stable and efficient operation.

It is analytically proved that in order to ensure the minimum energy costs spent on the operation of the vibration generator, it is necessary to place it at the point corresponding to the intersection of the horizontal line with the center of gravity of the cross section of the cultivator rack.

Introduction. One of the main directions of the development of the agro-industrial complex in the field of agricultural production is considered an increase in soil fertility and an increase in the efficiency of the functioning of machine and tractor units (MTU). The quality of products and high yield of cultivated crops is an important task of agricultural production. The transition to innovative designs of tillage machines, allows you to achieve all the necessary indicators: agro technological, energy and environmental. The focus is on the energy saving strategy, the basic principles of designing tillage tools are proposed, which are based on fundamental studies of the physical, mechanical and dynamic characteristics of the soil background.

Object. The object of research is the technological process of tillage with cultivator MTU.

The subject of the study is the energy and quality indicators of the technological process of tillage with a cultivator MTU with active working bodies.

The purpose of the study is to develop a conceptual framework for improving the energy-technological indicators of cultivator MTU with vibration of working sections.

Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research was the methods of system analysis, synthesis and theoretical provisions, the laws of soil theory, resistance of materials, theoretical mechanics, theory of oscillations and mathematical statistics.

Results and conclusions. According to the criterion formulated in the work, such a location of the vibration generator was selected so that a linear dependence remained between the generated (disturbing) force and the movement of the toe of the working organ of the cultivator section, which contributes to a resonant increase in the oscillation amplitudes of the cultivator rack. Thus, in order to ensure the minimum energy costs spent on the operation of the vibration generator, it is necessary to place it at the point corresponding to the intersection of the horizontal line with the center of gravity of the cross section of the cultivator rack.

Introduction. The Astrakhan region is located at important water transport hubs connecting it with the industrial centers of the country – the Caucasus, the Urals, the Central Chernozem zone, the regions of the North and Northwest, occupies one of the leading places in the cultivation of sweet pepper, which is shipped to the industrial centers of the country and used in industrial processing at production sites.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical and practical application of the ethylene inhibitor "Phytomag" during the storage of sweet pepper fruits in naturally formed storage conditions.

The objective of the study was to evaluate new varieties of sweet pepper selected by the Institute for the duration of storage, natural loss and quality of products using the ethylene inhibitor "Phytomag".

Scientific novelty. The effect of the ethylene inhibitor "Phytomag" on the natural weight loss, fruit quality and the con tent of basic chemicals in the fruits of sweet pepper of biological maturity, depending on the variety, has been established.

Results. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that the treatment with the drug "Phytomag" reduced the natural loss of weight as a result of a delayed physiological and biochemical process in the fruits of sweet pepper and was 12.76 – 18.33% after 30 days of storage, depending on the variety, 14.87 – 21.05% in the control. In comparison with other varieties, the highest quality of fruits was noted in the Dar Kaspiya variety. The first affected fruits treated with an ethylene inhibitor "Phytomag" were noted after 15 days of storage and accounted for 2.9% in the control. During this period, the quality decreased by 10.7%. The lowest quality of fruits was noted in the Marble variety.

Conclusion. The use of an ethylene inhibitor "Phytomag" increases the keeping capacity of sweet pepper fruits, respectively reducing the natural loss of weight, contributing to the reduction of losses from diseases and rot. Increases the content of basic chemicals in the fruits of sweet pepper as a result of a slow process of the intensity of the consumption of dry substances and moisture in the fruits of sweet pepper during storage. The delayed biochemical process in the processed fruits of sweet pepper contributes to a higher content of basic chemicals compared to the control and increases the taste qualities of fruits, as evidenced by the index of the ratio of sugar to dry matter.

Analysis of the data presented in the study showed that an increase in the concentration of solutions of extracts from sprouted grain of cereals (mg / l) leads to an increase in the values of optical density (nm). For example, an increase in the concentration of a solution with wheat extract from 0.25 mg/l to 2.9 mg/l changes the optical density of the extract solution from 0 to 3.0 nm. A similar dynamics was observed in solutions of extracts from barley, triticale and rice grains.

Introduction. Determination of the concentration of the extract from sprouted grain is of relevance in the context of the development of biotechnology and the food industry. Considering the scientifically proven high nutritional and medicinal properties of sprouted grains, accurate and accurate measurement of the concentration of their extracts can contribute to the creation of new food products and pharmaceuticals. Due to environmental trends and increased interest in healthy eating, such research is important for the introduction of effective and environmentally sustainable methods of producing healthy foods. The article presents the results of experimental studies aimed at determining the concentration of the extract from the sprouted grain in an aqueous solution by the optical density of the solution. These data can be extremely useful in biochemistry and the food industry, where the exact concentration of active substances in extracts plays a key role.

Materials and methods. The optical density of the solutions was determined by photometric method, by determining the concentration of solutions on a laboratory spectrophotometer ShimadzuUV-1900i, based on a comparison of the light transmission and light absorption capacity of the studied solutions. The use of such an advanced instrument as the ShimadzuUV-1900i spectrophotometer made it possible to conduct a study with high accuracy and obtain reliable data.

Results and conclusions. As a result of processing of experimental data, it was shown that the concentration of the studied extracts is directly dependent on the values of the optical density of solutions. This confirms the hypothesis of an inverse correlation between the concentration of extracts and the light transmission capacity of solutions. With an increase in the concentration of solutions, an increase in the optical density values is observed. This corresponds to the basic principles of photometry and indicates that the extract effectively absorbs light in the studied wavelength range. The obtained dependence graphs allow us to determine the concentration of the obtained solutions exactly according to laboratory optical density data. This result makes it possible to simplify the process of measuring the concentration of extracts in solutions and make it more effective and accessible for wide use in laboratory conditions. The analysis of the presented data showed that the concentration of the studied extracts is directly dependent on the values of the optical density of the solutions. with an increase in the concentration of solutions, an increase in the values of optical density is observed. the obtained dependence graphs allow us to determine the concentration of the obtained solutions exactly according to laboratory optical density data. The polynomial equations of the fourth, fifth and sixth degree for each culture are obtained, which most accurately describe the concentration in the obtained solutions depending on the optical density, and the coefficient of determination is in the range R2 = 0.998-0.999, which means a functional relationship between the optical density and the concentration of the studied solutions.

Researches to study the features of mole irrigation technique were carried out in 2022 on the experimental fields of the Educational Research and Production Center of the Volgograd State Agrarian University «Gornaya Polyana». The article shows the rationale for choosing the depth of the of mole sprinkler location based on the analysis of the features of the moisture contour formation in the soil after irrigation and the assessment of possible water filtration below the active soil layer.

Introduction. Currently, in many regions of our planet there is an acute shortage of fresh water for irrigation. In this regard, the most water-saving method of irrigation is subsurface irrigation and, its main variety, mole irrigation. This method of irrigation has all advantages of subsoil irrigation (supply of fertilizers and irrigation water directly to the root system, no evaporation, significant savings of irrigation water) with minimal financial and technical resources for setting up an irrigation network. In this regard, the study of the features of mole irrigation technique has the scientific and practical interest.

Object. The depth of the irrigators location in the mole irrigation system.

Materials and methods. Field experiments were carried out in 2022 on light chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region. The purpose of the research was to scientifically and experimentally substantiate the technical parameters of the mole irrigation system. One of the main tasks was to study the nature of the distribution of moisture in the soil and the degree of deep filtration at different depths of molehills. For this, 3 options for the depth of the mole sprinklers location were studied (0.3; 0.4 and 0.5 m) in three zones: waterlogging (˃ 110% of the Lowest moisture capacity), normal (90 ... 110% of the Lowest moisture capacity) and low moisture (75 ... 90% of the Lowest moisture capacity). Such observations were made several times during the irrigation season. The article presents the most typical arrangements of moisture isopleths in the soil profile. The diameter of the molehills was the same in all variants and was within 58…63 mm. The irrigation rate was 200 m3/ha, and the volume of water supply to 1 molehill with its length of 75 m was 2 m³.

Results and conclusions. The results of the research showed that the depth of mole irrigation systems of 0.3 ... 0.4 m made it possible to more effectively moisten the active soil layer of 0-0.8 m without of deep filtration into layers below 0.8 m, because one day after irrigation the zone of normal moistening was 95.1…99.3% in the active layer, and its boundaries spread from above to a depth of -12…-18 cm and -83…-88 cm from the bottom of the earth's surface. It was also found that the depth of the molehills did not affect the lateral distribution of moisture. The zone of normal moisture, on average, according to the variants of the experiment, extended by 46.0 cm to the left and 44.0 cm to the right, and the zone of low moisture - by 78.7 cm to the left and 65.0 cm to the right of the molehill axis. Therefore, mole sprinklers can be placed under each row of plants if they are at a distance of 1 m or more from each other.

Introduction. Today crop production is one of the important components of the successful functioning of the country’s economy. The connecting link of all technological operations for cultivating agricultural crops is transport work, a large share of which falls on road freight transport. The existing models of trucks used in the agricultural industry perform a wide range of transport work, but with the low load-bearing capacity of the supporting surface caused by unfavorable weather conditions, its use in field conditions is limited, and in some situations it is completely impossible. In turn, the delivery of goods to the place of sowing and the removal of crops, respectively, in the spring-autumn period are one of the determining directions for the financial and economic stability of agricultural enterprises of any form of ownership. The solution to the problem of using cargo transport equipment on foundations with weak load-bearing capacity is to modernize existing equipment or develop new types and models of it, allowing it to perform the required technological operations on various soils and in all weather conditions, including work on the most difficult foundations – wet plowed soil. One of the possible directions for solving this problem is the development and use of automobile vehicles with a combined method of movement – rolling and walking, which allows you to choose it depending on the type of base and the load-bearing capacity of its supporting surface. To study vehicles with a combined method of movement, an experimental vehicle was designed that has original technical solutions that allow it to move by rolling and walking methods.

Оbject. The object of the study is the support patency of an experimental vehicle on wet plowed soil.

Materials and methods. The reference cross-country ability of an experimental vehicle on wet plowed soil was determined in the field when studying parameters – the amount of current consumed by the engines, the distance traveled, the depth of the rut, the degree of soil compaction. The parameters of support patency on wet plowed soil were studied with and without the use of original technical solutions incorporated into the design of the experimental vehicle.

Results and conclusions. Analysis of the results of field studies of the movement of an experimental vehicle using the rolling and walking methods on the base of wet plowed soil showed that: when moving by the rolling method, the peak current consumption indicators of the electric motors that ensure the forward movement of the vehicle at a load of 300 N amounted to 0.133 A, while when moving by walking amounted to 0.127 A; the depth of the track when moving by the rolling method is 2.5 cm at a load of 300 N, which is 2.1 times higher than when moving by the walking method, in which, at a load of 500 N, the depth of the track does not exceed 1.6 cm; the degree of soil compaction when moving by the rolling method with a load of 300 N is 1.114, while with the walking method of movement it is 1.077; at a load of 300 N, complete slipping occurs and the experimental vehicle gets stuck; forward movement using the rolling method is impossible without external forces, while movement using the walking method is also possible at a load of 500 N.

The studies were carried out in 2022 on the experimental field of the Educational Research and Production Center of the Volgograd State Agrarian University «Gornaya Polyana». The article presents an analysis of the research results of the uniformity of changes in soil moisture at different lengths of sprinklers in the mole irrigation system.

Introduction. Modern irrigation technique must respond the requirements of resource saving and mole irrigation, as a kind of subsoil irrigation, fully possesses these qualities. This method of irrigation does not require large capital expenditures for the construction of an irrigation system in the irrigated area, but at the same time, it can significantly save irrigation water and increase crop yields. In this regard, the study of the features of equipment and technology for irrigation of various agricultural crops by mole irrigation is a perspective direction of our research.

Object. The length of sprinklers in the mole irrigation system.

Materials and methods. The researches were carried out in 2022 on light chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region. One of the main tasks of our studies about the scientific and experimental substantiation of the structural elements of the mole irrigation system was to explore the uniformity of soil moisture at different lengths of mole irrigators. Moisture uniformity was assessed by the dynamics of soil moisture contours on the next day after irrigation in 3 variants of the experiment with molehill lengths of 50, 75 and 100 m in three soil zones: waterlogged soil (˃ 110% of the Lowest moisture capacity), normal (90 ... 110% of the Lowest moisture capacity) and low humidity (75…90% of the Lowest moisture capacity). The observations of the type of the irrigation water distribution in the soil, depending on the length of the mole irrigators, were carried out several times during the irrigation season. This article presents the most typical arrangements of moisture isopleths (lines of the same moisture content) in the soil profile.

Results and conclusions. The results of field experiments showed that when applying the same irrigation rate of 200 m³/ha on the next day after irrigation with an increase in the molehill length from 50 to 100 m, the boundaries of the humidification soil zones did not change their position significantly. The upper boundary of the waterlogged zone remained at a depth of 29…31, normal moisture – 19…20 and low – 6…8 cm, and the lower boundaries - at a depth of 69…72, 85…90 and 105…108 cm, respectively. To the left of the molehill these zones spread by 16...27, 46...51 and 66...73 cm and to the right – by 12...21, 41...42 and 65...69 cm respectively. The mathematical processing of the values of the soil moisture contour area of these zones showed that they did not have significant differences, therefore, the length of the molehill can be increased up to 100 m without a significant deterioration in the uniformity of moisture.

The article presents the results of the study of a fatty acid composition semi-finished products when linseed flour is added to the formula. An increase in the mass proportion of lipids, as well as the content of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the developed assortment of chopped semi-finished products, was revealed.

Introduction. The deficiency of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the human diet, this is a world problem. Creating functional products based on chopped semi-finished products using linseed flour can solve the problem of deficit. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in such products reaches 73% of the total number of fatty acids. This is the reason for the relevance.

Object. The subject of the study is a portion of zrazy with linseed flour.

Materials and methods. The mass fraction of lipids was measured according to the method of GOST 23042-2015. Measurement of fatty acid composition was carried out according to GOST 31663-2012. Fat indicators of chopped semi-finished products are calculated according to general methods.

Results and conclusions. The addition of linseed flour was determined to increase the mass proportion of lipids in the product from 1% to 4%. The amount of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids increased from 3% to 13-15% of the adult daily intake. Calculation of fatty acid balance showed insignificant influence of linseed flour to a fatty acid composition. At the same time, the parameters of the iodine number amounted to 81-82 g of iodine/100 g of fat, this is the optimal value for solid fats.

Based on the research of abstract sources on the problem of ensuring the effective use of natural waters for soybean irrigation, studies were conducted on the use of Avaxin hydrosorbent and the technology of its simultaneous application when sowing crops with a standard seeder with a developed module for applying hydrogel was investigated.

Introduction. The cultivation of agricultural crops on irrigation guarantees the planned receipt of a high-quality crop, regardless of climatic conditions. However, an increase in the average annual temperature, recorded as a fact on all continents, will lead to an increase in the shortage of natural fresh water on the territory of the European part of Russia, and the water capacity, for example, of soybeans when grown in the conditions of the Lower Volga, is about 1500 m3 per ton of grain. It is necessary to introduce water-saving technologies. A team of researchers has developed a technology to reduce the volume of irrigation water supplied by using a modern innovative material – Aquasin hydrosorbent to prolong the period of availability of moisture available to plants in the soil until the next watering. The peculiarity of the developed soybean sowing technology using hydrogel is that sowing is carried out with a special seeder based on UPS-8 with an upgraded coulter. Its design provides a special knife for feeding hydrogel below the bottom of the seed groove. Thus, hydrogel, due to its high cost, is fed in a row economically, locally, only to the seed sowing zone, which significantly reduces the cost of cultivation, reduces the volume of irrigation water supply by 10% compared to the control and yields 14.3% higher.

Object. The object of the study is a resource-saving technology of soybean cultivation on irrigation by sprinkling using the Avaxin copolymer with local application to the soil simultaneously with sowing by a specially designed sowing module.

Materials and methods. The study used generally accepted adapted methods of theoretical, laboratory, field research with the use of modern scientific equipment, methodological guidelines for the implementation of research works, a sowing complex with a developed hydrogel supply module. Various doses and depths of application of the Avaxin hydrosorbent and its effect on reducing irrigation water consumption when watering the Rainstar E-41 sprinkler machine of the Austrian Bauer company were studied.

Results and conclusions. The assessment of the condition of crops and the development of soybean plants during the growing season, as well as its biological yield, indicates that the use of a moisture-retaining sorbent provided the plants with available moisture for a longer period, which is confirmed by the extension of the irrigation interval to 6 days compared with the control. At the same time, irrigation water savings amounted to 300 m³/ha, and biological yield increased by 11% and amounted to 23.74 c/ha versus 20.30 c/ha in the control variant. Thus, the results obtained indicate the positive dynamics of the use of hydrogel in the cultivation of soybeans "Volgogradka – 2" on irrigation, which allows us to recommend the introduction of the studied technology.

Introduction. Exposure to microwave electromagnetic radiation is one of effective physical methods of seed pre-sowing treatment. The aim of the research – review and critical analysis of scientific publications, describing the microwave radiation application for seed pre-sowing treatment to determine the prospects of its use in agriculture.

Materials and methods. The review of scientific literature on the stated topic for 2013-2023 was carried out. The study consisted of the following stages: scientific literature search, its evaluation and selection, data synthesis and analysis.

Results and conclusions. It was found that although intensive treatment of seeds with microwave radiation causes stress, its application in low doses of power or for a short time causes the effect of stimulating germination. Microwave pretreatment improves seed germination, germination energy and seedling growth. The action of microwave radiation changes the chemical composition of seeds, activates the synthesis of enzymes, contributing to their better germination. The most promising direction of research is the experimental determination of such parameters of seed presowing treatment with microwave radiation, which simultaneously provide both their disinfection and stimulation of germination and the subsequent resistance of agricultural plants to abiogenous stress.

This scientific article is devoted to the problem of mechanical damage to apples during their transportation in boxes on roads with different surfaces. Theoretical and laboratory tests were carried out and recommendations were made.

Over the past decade, we have observed a constant and steady increase in the volume of agricultural products produced in the Russian Federation. At the same time, the volume of livestock production almost doubled, and crop production tripled. Therefore, there is an objective need for the transportation of agricultural products throughout the Russian Federation. Transportation of agricultural products is carried out by all types of transport. An important place among them is occupied by transportation by road. However, the use of this type of transport when transporting agricultural products has a number of features, which include the presence of road infrastructure, the condition of the road surface, the influence of weather and climatic conditions on the transportation of products, etc. This leads to difficulties in organizing the transportation of agricultural products, since these products is diverse, some of it is characterized by a tendency to freeze, quickly change characteristics and properties under the influence of not only climatic factors, but also as a result of the effects of fluctuations that occur during transportation.

Introduction. Implementation of the import substitution system requires an increase in agricultural land. Farming on rainfed land has not proven to be feasible and efficient. Guaranteed stable yield is possible with obligatory irrigation according to the technological map. It is necessary to create automated systems of water distribution and irrigation and rational use of water resources during implementation of irrigation itself.

Object. The object of research is a complex system "water conduit – ground base – vehicle load" and stress-strain state of the ground massif around the water conduit.

Materials and methods. The investigations were carried out using the finite element method. Numerical modelling was carried out using Midas GTS NX software. The proven wxMaxima software was used for the numerical mathematical analysis of the large volume of figures. These software programs allow verification of how accurately the computer model represents the underlying mathematical model when reproducing theoretical solutions. In the next step, the model is subjected to validation, when it is determined how faithfully the computer model represents the real object.

Results and conclusions. At research of work of the complex system "water conduit – ground base – load from a car" and definition of a stress-strain state of a ground massif it is established that value of a response function is determined to a considerable degree by force on a water conduit from a car, the function weakly reacts on height of clay soil above a water conduit; with increase of load the degree of influence on a response function remains constant; with increasing load, the degree of influence on the response function remains constant; at a force of 40 tonnes, the vertical stress reaches its minimum extremum, which is 350.38 kN/m² at a ground height above the conduit of 0.82 m; at a force of 20.25 tonnes, the stress function also tends to the minimum extremum; as the forces from the vehicle above the conduit decrease, the stress increments increase; at 40 tonnes the function increment is 1.39 kN/m², at 20.5 tonnes it is 6.43 kN/m², and at 5 tonnes it is 10.06 kN/m²; the relationship between the change in vertical stresses TOTAL S-YY in the soil mass of the waterway and the forces on the ground from the vehicle is linear; at the lowest force of 5.0 tonnes from the car on the water line, the vertical stress reaches the lowest value at the lowest ground height above the structure of 0.5 m, which is 288.14 kN/m². With a force of 40 tonnes on the conduit, the vertical stress reaches its highest value at the highest ground height above the structure of 1.2 m, which is 352.55 kN/m². The proposed algorithm can be used in the development of design documentation for the construction of culvert systems.

The article presents the results of a research of the rate of change in the pH level and the maximum pH values when soda is added to distilled water and water from fish production. The dependences of the change in the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water on the change in the volume of supplied air are obtained.

Introduction. The most important chemical parameters of water in recirculating water supply installations are the level of water acidity and the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water. They have a significant impact on the growth and development of fish and require special attention. During stable operation, the system can independently maintain the pH level, but if emergency situations occur, the water can change the pH in an acidic direction to values dangerous for fish. Baking soda can restore the optimal PH level during acidification. It not only makes it possible to raise the pH to the alkaline side, but also increases the productivity of biological filters. The oxygen concentration is constantly maintained using oxygen generators, which saturate the water with oxygen. To control the oxygen supply system to water, it is necessary to have information about the dependence of changes in the concentration of dissolved oxygen on the volume of supplied air.

Object. Chemical parameters of water in closed water supply installations.

Materials and methods. Studies have been carried out to determine the rate of change in water pH and its maximum value. During the study, distilled water and water from closed water supply installations were used, and air was supplied to it to simulate the process of bubbling water. The study of the process of water saturation with oxygen depending on the volume of air supplied per unit time took place in two stages. At the first stage, the required speed of air supply to the water was established. And on the second, the process of measuring the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water took place.

Results and conclusions. The dependence of the change in pH of distilled water on time was obtained for different masses of added soda. It has been established that the process of pH growth, depending on the increase in soda concentration, occurs faster in distilled water than in water from closed water supply systems. A study of the process of water saturation with oxygen showed that an increase in the aeration rate leads to an increase in the maximum oxygen concentration in water and a decrease in the time to reach the maximum oxygen concentration.

As a result of the improvement of the irrigation system with the purification of exhaust gases with subsequent activation of irrigation water with carbon dioxide, it will allow us to abandon significant structural elements developed in the previous similar irrigation system, such as a compressor for pumping air and a mixer for saturating irrigation water with purified carbon dioxide, which will reduce the cost and simplify the low-volume irrigation system during its further operation.

Introduction.In the Volgograd region, up to 10% of arable land falls on saline soils. Russian and foreign scientists have proved what a positive effect carbon dioxide (CO2) has on improving the soil structure.

Object. The object of the study is the principle of purification of diesel engine exhaust gases from exhaust gases from toxic substances by means of an oxidizing catalyst and the mode of intake of purified gas with its supply to the irrigation system to activate irrigation water with subsequent delivery to water outlets, thereby ensuring its solubility in the soil for reclamation of salt pans.

Materials and methods. The research material was the structural elements of the drip irrigation system and a separate device installed in the irrigation system for cleaning exhaust gases by means of an oxidizing catalyst with subsequent activation of irrigation water with purified carbon dioxide. The development of the theoretical foundations of the solonetz process by K.K. Gedroits was used, in the formation of unfavorable water-physical and chemical properties, to establish the leading role of exchange-absorbed sodium in solonetzic soils.

Results and conclusions. The introduction of an oxidizing catalyst into the design of the irrigation system will make it possible to clean the exhaust gases from toxic substances. After passing through the oxidizing catalyst, the exhaust gases react with precious metals located in the ceramic cells of the catalyst device, the exhaust gases are converted into carbon dioxide and water (CO₂ + H₂O). Then the purified carbon dioxide is mixed with irrigation water during water intake and transported to distribution and irrigation pipelines and fed into the soil.

Lupin is a perspective source of plant, biological valuable protein which can become an alternative to soya. Lupin protein has minimal content of lipids and inhibitors of nutritive enzymes, stands out for oil content and takes the leading position among legumes crops also for the content of the most valuable amino acids, macro- and microelements. Alkaloids are a lupin anti-nutritional factor which hinder widely use of lupin. In the Russian Federation the numerous scientific researches are conducted for search of the low alkaloid lupin raw material and development of the methods for the decreasing of the alkaloid content in lupin processed foods. Biological, chemical and water technics for removal of bitterness can decrease the alkaloid content in lupin seeds with different results depending on conditions. However the process of decreasing of alkaloids’ content based on lupin grain water soaking requires a lot of water and time and results in material losses which makes this method low-tech and costly for the purification of lupin grain from alkaloids. Use of chemicals for alkaloid removal is labor consuming and low-tech and is linked with high material costs and non-resolved problem of utilization of large value of spent chemicals used for purification process. Removal of bitterness from lupin seeds with high alkaloid content requires further tests especially in case of effectiveness, organoleptic indices and economic expediency. Developed and proposed methods for decrease of alkaloid content in lupin grain should aimed to increase its purification level and to minimize the environmental damages from waste production.

This article is devoted to the creation of jam technology with increased nutritional value and a balanced composition of biologically active substances. Thanks to the special chemical composition used when mixing the components, an increase in nutritional value and a balance of biologically active substances in the target product is achieved, which prevents a shortage of nutrients in the food of residents of the Volgograd region.

Introduction. One of the current directions of the food industry in the field of healthy nutrition of the population is the creation of safe and high-quality food products that, in addition to meeting the needs of the human body in nutrients and energy, will contribute to the prevention of various diseases and the expansion of the assortment of jam. Since the Russian jam market is still too small, but the traditions of consumption of this delicacy have been known for a long time, it is assumed that in the coming years the picture will change, and the share of products from Russian manufacturers will grow. Therefore, this article is
devoted to the creation of jam technology with increased nutritional value, high organoleptic parameters and a balanced composition of biologically active substances to prevent nutrient deficiencies in food products of residents of the Volgograd region.

Object. The object of research was a jam consisting of black nightshade of the Sunberry variety and pear fruits of the Duchess variety with pine nut kernels. The scientific novelty of the proposed jam technology is the simultaneous use of berries from black nightshade, pear fruit pulp and pine nuts in the recipe.

Materials and methods. Studies and observations were conducted according to generally accepted methods.

Results and conclusions. The research results presented in the article indicate the specificity of the chemical composition of the components used for mixing, which makes it possible to increase the nutritional value of the final product. The antioxidant activity of the studied jam was also noted. It has been established that water extracts have a high antioxidant activity, which contain a significant amount of phenolic compounds, in particular flavonoids and phenolic carboxylic acids, organic acids. It is known that phenolic compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticarcinogenic and other properties. The pronounced therapeutic effect, high physiological activity of plant polyphenols determines their value in food. At the beginning of the process of making jam from black nightshade berries, pear fruits and pine nuts, vegetable components (berries, fruits and nuts) were prepared: sorting, cleaning by mechanized means in a carborundum machine, rinsing, grinding. We used black nightshade berries 500 g, crushed to 2.0-5.0 mm pear fruit pulp 500 g, granulated sugar 700 g, pine nut kernel crushed to 2.0-3.0 mm 300 g. Cooking of vegetable components was carried out for 30 minutes with constant stirring at a temperature of 160-180⁰ C. The process of jam cooking consists in the exchange and equalization of the concentration of substances of juice and syrup without disturbing the structure of vegetable raw materials. Studies on the chemical composition of the black nightshade berries of the Sunberry variety, pear fruits of the Duchess variety and pine nuts have shown that they contain a sufficient amount of substances with physiological value, and excellent organoleptic indicators and high nutritional value allow using this raw material as a dessert, dietary product. The specific chemical composition of the components used for mixing makes it possible to achieve an increase in nutritional value, improve organoleptic indicators and balance the composition of the target product by biologically active substances to prevent nutrient deficiencies in the food of residents of the Volgograd region.

This article presents the results of a study of the pericarp of a walnut of milk ripeness. The optimization results indicate that the optimal extraction time for the maximum yield of phenolic compounds is 150 minutes when using 90% ethanol. Similarly, when using ethanol + water as a solvent in an 80/20 ratio, the optimal extraction time is 120 minutes for maximum extract yield.

Introduction. Walnut is a kind of vegetable raw material that is used in various industries, including food production, due to its various parts (including ripe and unripe fruits, shells and partitions, green pericarp and leaves, bark, wood and roots). Walnut pericarp is a rich source of vitamins, tannins, iodine, juglon and fatty acids. This work emphasizes the importance of walnut as a unique vegetable raw material, using the example of its use in the food industry. Walnut has a variety of useful properties coming from its various parts. Especially valuable and rich in vitamins, tannins, iodine, juglon and fatty acids is the pericarp of the nut.

Objects. This article presents the results of a study of the pericarp of a walnut of milk ripeness.

Materials and methods. Biologically active substances of the pericarp were isolated by extraction. Extraction was carried out on a semi-automatic Soxlet apparatus using ethanol and water as a solvent.

Results and conclusions. The purpose of this study was to identify the available phenolic compounds of the walnut pericarp of milk ripeness by extraction, and in the future the resulting extract is planned to be used as a food additive to enrich food with missing elements. Optimal extraction models were also determined, in which the most complete extraction of phenolic compounds is observed. In the long term, our work opens the possibility of using the resulting extract as a food additive to enrich food with missing elements. In the course of our work, we also determined the optimal extraction models in which the most complete extraction of phenolic compounds is achieved. As a result, this research makes an important contribution to understanding the applicability and value of walnut, opening new prospects for its use in the food industry and other fields.

Nutrition analysis shows that in many countries, including Kazakhstan, omega-3 fatty acids are consistently lacking in omega-6 fatty acids, which account for about 48-74%. Scientific studies have shown that the dominance of these acids in the diet leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular and mental diseases, immunodeficiency and the development of cancerous tumors. Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to help prevent cardiovascular disease by reducing blood clotting, preventing the formation of blood clots and protecting blood vessels from the formation of cholesterol plaques.

Introduction. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, being essential components of the diet, play a key role in numerous biological processes, including the regulation of inflammatory reactions, immune responses and lipid metabolism. This article touches upon the problem of determining the fatty acid composition of vegetable oils.

Materials and methods. The gas chromatographic analysis of sunflower, sea buckthorn, hemp, soy, linseed, walnut, olive, mustard, corn, sesame and pumpkin oils was carried out for compliance with GOST 30623-98 «Vegetable oils and margarine products. The method of detecting falsification». It is established that sunflower, olive, corn, mustard and sesame meet the current standards. Additionally, hemp and walnut oil, which are absent in the regulatory documents, were investigated.

Results and conclusions. Hemp oil is very similar in fatty acid composition to wheat oil. Soybean and linseed oil have insignificant deviations from the standard. But despite this, it is possible to establish their authenticity. Pumpkin oil complies with the regulatory documentation on the fatty acid composition, but at the same time it can be identified as corn. Nutrition analysis shows that in many countries, including Kazakhstan, omega-3 fatty acids are consistently lacking in omega-6 fatty acids, which account for about 48-74%. Scientific studies have shown that the dominance of these acids in the diet leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular and mental diseases, immunodeficiency and the development of cancerous tumors. Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to help prevent cardiovascular diseases by reducing blood clotting, preventing the formation of blood clots and protecting blood vessels from the formation of cholesterol plaques. Therefore, scientific studies have proved that to reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal diseases, not only a higher intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids is necessary, but also a significant increase in the proportion of omega-3 fatty acids.

This article presents the problems of the process of primary purification of vegetable oils and the results of research, as well as ways to reduce the precursors of glycidyl esters in refined vegetable oils before deodorization.

Introduction. The actual problem of primary purification of sunflower oil is that low-fat, thick substances, as well as small particles that do not settle during refining, and the grinding of very small particles that create micropores during bleaching, quickly fill the filter. surface. This leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the process and an increase in production costs. The relevance of the study of this topic lies in the possibility of using various reagents during filtration to increase the service life of the filter and its effectiveness, to prevent clogging. This approach can significantly improve the cleaning process and reduce its cost.

Materials and methods. The objects of research are: sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, palm oil. All these oils have different properties and require an individual approach when cleaning, which makes the study even more important. The purpose of this study was to improve the process of primary purification of vegetable oil and reduce the presence of glycidyl ether by washing with 90% ethanol. This is especially important in light of the growing demands on the quality and safety of food products.

Results and conclusions. After studying the currently used methods of filtration of vegetable oils, it was found that the most practical solution is the introduction of basalt filters. This discovery could lead to significant changes in the vegetable oil industry. When checking the effectiveness of basalt fiber filters for filtering vegetable oil, it was found that the sediment content in the oil decreased from 0.05% to 0.02%. This indicates the high efficiency of this type of filters and their possible applicability in production. In addition, the color, acid number and other related indicators have been reduced, and the service life of the tape has increased, resulting in improved overall performance. This would increase the productivity of production and the quality of the resulting product. After studying the currently used methods of filtration of vegetable oils, it was found that the most practical solution is the introduction of basalt filters. When checking the effectiveness of basalt fiber filters for filtering vegetable oil, it was found that the sediment content in the oil decreased from 0.05% to 0.02%. In addition, the color, acid number and other related indicators have been reduced, and the service life of the tape has increased, resulting in improved overall performance. It is confirmed that the filtration rate of vegetable oil is 1.1-2.0 times higher when using basalt filters compared to conventional filters.

The presented research paper describes the dynamics of spread storage at various temperatures, in particular, the processes of oxidative and hydrolytic spoilage of the spread are revealed, and as a result, the organoleptic properties deteriorate, the nutritional and biological value of the product decreases. Analyzing these data, it can be concluded that the concentration of primary oxidation products increases with a decrease in the mass fraction of oil in the spread. This phenomenon is associated with an increase in the dispersion of emulsion products. The same trend is observed at different storage temperatures, with the discrepancy becoming less apparent at lower temperatures. Thus, it can be concluded that the oxidation process is influenced not only by the temperature regime of storage, but also by the degree of dispersion of the oil phase.

Introduction. The submitted research paper describes the storage dynamics of spreads at different temperatures and in particular reveals the processes of oxidative and hydrolytic spoilage of spreads, because of which organoleptic properties deteriorate and the nutritional and biological value of the product decreases.

Object. During the oxidation of the oil distribution phase components, free fatty acids, peroxides, and other oxidation products are produced.

Materials and methods. No significant changes in sensory parameters were observed when stored at -40 °C ± 20 °C for up to 30 days from the date of production. After 40 days, a taste change was observed with a bitter taste and a strong linseed oil smell. The change in active acidity is accompanied by a drop in the index, which leads to an excessively sour taste in the spread at the end of storage. Therefore, at a temperature of -40 °C ± 20 °C, the recommended shelf life for the spread is 60 days.

Results and conclusions. The resulting creamy-vegetable spread with a fat content of 72.5% turned out to be soft due to the use of vegetable oil, in particular flaxseed, which is in a liquid state at room temperature. This makes it softer than butter. Due to the peculiarities of the composition of the spreads, the shelf life becomes unstable, so the extension of the shelf life is currently a very urgent problem.

This article presents a methodology for developing a recipe for a preventive product made from walnut shells. The developed preventive product is a plant antioxidant, the components of which increase the immunity and defenses of the body, protect against the dangerous effects of environmental pollution, give strength, cleanse the body of cholesterol, prolong youth. This is primarily due to the high content of flavonoids and polyphenols (antioxidants) in it, which, when applied, immediately begin to actively neutralize free radicals, the number of which in the human body can be very large. The development process of this preventive product involves utilizing walnut shells, which are a natural and sustainable source. Through a carefully devised methodology, the shells are processed to extract the beneficial components, such as flavonoids and polyphenols, which possess potent antioxidant properties. These antioxidants play a crucial role in combating the harmful effects of oxidative stress caused by free radicals. By neutralizing these free radicals, the preventive product aids in boosting the body's natural defenses, reinforcing the immune system, and supporting overall well-being.

Introduction. Diseases resulting from malnutrition are responsible for almost 70% of all deaths, which underscores the importance of balanced nutrition for maintaining health. This statistical statement highlights the need to increase awareness about proper nutrition and increase the availability of quality food. At the same time, people's eating habits are characterized by a significant content of saturated and total fats, cholesterol, refined sugar and sodium and a lack of unsaturated fats from legumes, cereals, fruits and vegetables. Reassessing these eating habits and maintaining a more balanced diet can help solve this global health problem.

Materials and methods. This article presents a methodology for developing a recipe for a preventive product made from walnut shells, which is of considerable interest to researchers and manufacturers. This is important not only from the point of view of the production of a new product, but also in the context of waste recycling. The product was developed during the implementation of the project on the topic "The use of non-traditional types of walnut waste in order to obtain a preventive product", which indicates the desire to create a valuable product from what is usually considered waste. This approach represents an important step towards more sustainable food production.

Results and conclusions. The developed formulation using walnut shell extract is intended for sale and use in the food industry to create new functional and preventive products with antioxidant properties. This discovery promises to bring tangible benefits for food producers, as well as for consumers who are looking for healthier and nutritious alternatives on the market.

Introduction. The transportation of goods in the field of agriculture plays an important role and is a link in all technological stages of the life cycle of agricultural products. The implementation of transport work in the agricultural industry is a complex technological process, which, due to adverse weather conditions and rugged terrain, is complicated and often leads to difficulty in the movement of trucks or even to their jamming. To expand the functionality of vehicles when moving on a supporting surface with a weak bearing capacity and rough terrain, an experimental vehicle was designed, which, depending on the operating conditions, has the technical possibility of a combined mode of movement – rolling and walking, providing it with advantages over vehicles, moving only by rolling, one of which is profile patency.

Object. The object of the study is the profile cross-country ability of the experimental vehicle.

Materials and methods. The profile cross-country ability of the experimental vehicle was determined in the field when studying the parameters - the largest angle of the slope to be overcome, the largest width of the ditch to be overcome, the maximum height (depth) of the obstacle to be overcome. The profile cross-country parameters were studied using original technical solutions incorporated in the design of the experimental vehicle, and without them.

Results and conclusions. The original technical solutions included in the design of the experimental vehicle, which allow moving in a combined way, made it possible to increase the angle of the slope to be overcome in the transverse direction by 2 times from 200 to 400, the width of the obstacle to be overcome from 0.84 D to 1.86 D, and the height of the obstacle to be overcome obstacles from 0.37 D to 0.65 D (D is the outer diameter of the mover). The results obtained expand the possibilities of using the experimental vehicle when working in areas with rugged terrain, along irrigation canals, areas located in close proximity to the roadbed, as well as when overcoming ditches, ditches and pits.

The composition of the prepared gluten-free paste has a particularly high content of vitamins of group C and B. The vitamin composition of the paste remained even after its preparation. The enrichment with biological preparations allowed to obtain gluten-free pasta with improved nutritional characteristics.

Introduction. The research work was carried out to develop gluten-free pasta enriched with the use of biological products (spinach, beets and carrots) to increase the vitamin content of gluten-free pasta. The analysis of the vitamin compositions of pasta before and after the addition of biological products was carried out.

Objects. Gluten-free pasta enriched with biologics has been developed taking into account the need to expand the special daily diet of patients with celiac disease. For patients with celiac disease, it is very useful to eat foods fortified with vitamins, because they have a smaller assortment of food sources that they consume than if they followed a strictly gluten-free diet.

Results and conclusions. The composition of the prepared gluten-free paste has a particularly high content of vitamins of group C and B. The vitamin composition of the paste remained even after its preparation. The enrichment with biological preparations allowed to obtain gluten-free pasta with improved nutritional characteristics. This work is the result of covering the years 2021-2023 within the framework of the project "Development of gluten-free pasta technology based on domestic raw materials". The selected dietary supplements increased the nutrient content of gluten-free pasta. Gluten-free pasta enriched with biological products fully met all the requirements.