Investigation of the process of washing vegetable oils before deodorization

This article presents the problems of the process of primary purification of vegetable oils and the results of research, as well as ways to reduce the precursors of glycidyl esters in refined vegetable oils before deodorization.

Introduction. The actual problem of primary purification of sunflower oil is that low-fat, thick substances, as well as small particles that do not settle during refining, and the grinding of very small particles that create micropores during bleaching, quickly fill the filter. surface. This leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the process and an increase in production costs. The relevance of the study of this topic lies in the possibility of using various reagents during filtration to increase the service life of the filter and its effectiveness, to prevent clogging. This approach can significantly improve the cleaning process and reduce its cost.

Materials and methods. The objects of research are: sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, palm oil. All these oils have different properties and require an individual approach when cleaning, which makes the study even more important. The purpose of this study was to improve the process of primary purification of vegetable oil and reduce the presence of glycidyl ether by washing with 90% ethanol. This is especially important in light of the growing demands on the quality and safety of food products.

Results and conclusions. After studying the currently used methods of filtration of vegetable oils, it was found that the most practical solution is the introduction of basalt filters. This discovery could lead to significant changes in the vegetable oil industry. When checking the effectiveness of basalt fiber filters for filtering vegetable oil, it was found that the sediment content in the oil decreased from 0.05% to 0.02%. This indicates the high efficiency of this type of filters and their possible applicability in production. In addition, the color, acid number and other related indicators have been reduced, and the service life of the tape has increased, resulting in improved overall performance. This would increase the productivity of production and the quality of the resulting product. After studying the currently used methods of filtration of vegetable oils, it was found that the most practical solution is the introduction of basalt filters. When checking the effectiveness of basalt fiber filters for filtering vegetable oil, it was found that the sediment content in the oil decreased from 0.05% to 0.02%. In addition, the color, acid number and other related indicators have been reduced, and the service life of the tape has increased, resulting in improved overall performance. It is confirmed that the filtration rate of vegetable oil is 1.1-2.0 times higher when using basalt filters compared to conventional filters.

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