Wildfires in Volgo-Akhtuba flood-plain municipalities

This article presents the results of determining the dynamics of the burnability of landscapes in the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain in the context of municipalities. This is necessary to determine the most fire-hazardous areas in the floodplain, which will further optimize fire prevention measures.

Introduction. Identification of burnt-out areas in landscape fires and analysis of the patterns of burnability are quite urgent tasks. While much work has been devoted to forest fires, much less research has been devoted to grass and reed fires. In regions where, significant areas are occupied by reeds, the problem of fighting fires is acute. First of all, these are floodplains and deltas of large rivers, for example, the Lower Volga. The peculiarity of reed fires is that they can occur annually in the same place. The purpose of this study was to determine the dynamics of the burnability of landscapes in the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain in the context of municipalities. This is necessary to determine the most fire-hazardous areas in the floodplain, which will further optimize fire prevention measures.

Оbject. Burnt-out areas on the territory of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain within the boundaries of municipalities in 3 regions in the south of Russia are investigated.

Materials and methods. The burned-out areas were determined by the method of visual decoding of satellite images of high and ultra-high spatial resolution in a combination of "artificial colors" channels with the inclusion of near and short-wave infrared channels (NIR and SWIR). For verification, data on the combustion centers of FIRMS and information products FireCCI, MCD64 and GABAM were used. The combined use of all methods gives the greatest accuracy in determining the boundaries of burnt areas.

Results and conclusions. As a result of mapping using Landsat and Sentinel satellite data for 2001-2021, more than 16.6 thousand hares with a total area of 1.1 million ha (excluding repeatability) were identified. The regularities of the dynamics of the burnability of the landscapes of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain have been established: a significant negative trend has been recorded for the entire research area. The municipalities where a significant positive trend of floodplain landscapes is noted are identified: Kolobovskoye, Tsarevskoye rural settlements and Leninsk urban settlement in the Volgograd region.

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