Nutritional value of sugar and grain sorghum feeds in single-species and joint components

Introduction. The traditional crop for making silage is corn, but the sharply continental arid climate of the Middle Volga region negatively affects the high productivity of corn. As a result, a significant part of farms cannot provide stable, nutritious nutrition for cattle. One of the options for getting out of this situation is to use sugar and grain sorghum as a silage crop, which, due to its properties, in particular drought and salt resistance, can provide constant high yields of both green mass and grain even in acutely dry conditions years. Studies to assess the nutritional value of canned feed were carried out on the basis of the Volga Research Institute of Canned Food, a branch of the Samara Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Samara State Agrarian University. Object. The objects of the study for silage harvesting were the following crops: sugar sorghum of the Kinelskoye 4 variety, grain sorghum – Premiera, soybean – Kinelyanka and corn hybrid – Kinbel 144 SV. Materials and methods. In experiment No. 1 in laboratory conditions, the chemical composition of the green mass of these crops in the phase of milk ripeness of sorghum and corn grain and waxy ripeness of soybeans (August 17) was carried out, as well as the experiment was laid down in the threefold repetition of silage (by the method of self-preservation) of the studied samples. In experiment No. 2, the chemical composition of the green mass of sugar sorghum Kinel'skoye 4 and grain sorghum Premiere in the phase of milky-waxy ripeness of grain was determined, and the mass was laid for haylage in the same period on September 3 in the peasant farm "Vasilina" of the Bol'she-Chernigovskogo district. Results and conclusions. Analysis of these studies showed that all silage options have excellent feed qualities, especially silage from the single-species component sorghum and the combined sorghum + soybean + corn component. The silage of the studied samples had an aromatic fruity smell or the smell of pickled vegetables, green-olive color, and a good crumbly consistency. The dry matter content of the single-species component of sorghum is 325 g/kg of natural feed, KE 0.29, EKE 0.32. The dry matter content in the combined composition of sorghum + soybeans is 320 g/kg of natural feed, KE 0.28, EКE 0.32, which exceeds the requirements of GOST. The active acidity of the silage was within the range of pH = 4.0-4.3% and did not exceed the requirements of GOST. The haylage of the studied samples had an aromatic fruity smell, yellowgreen-brown color and a good crumbly consistency. The energy value of 1 kg of grain sorghum haulage was 0.42, sugar – 0.36 EКE. Silage and haylage from grain and sugar sorghum had good nutritional values of the feed, which will successfully complement the feed balance of winter rations.

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