The features of snow deposition in the contour runoff-regulating forest belts system

Improvement of ameliorative efficiency of systems of runoff-regulating forest belts on degraded slopes is based on regulation of snow accumulation in agro-forest landscapes through optimization of forest afforestation designs.

Introduction. In areas of exposed to soil erosion with a strongly developed ravine network to ensure the stability of slope agrocenoses it is recommended to create a system of protective forest belts, reinforced along the lower edge by hydraulic structures. The main volume of runoff into river systems is spring melt water. It can be regulated through snow deposition control along the slope profile and its retention in forest belts for accumulation of additional water supply in arid steppe conditions.

The object of the study was a system of contour runoff-regulating forest-strips located on a slope of steepness 1-7o near Kletskaya village, Kletsky district, Volgograd region. The system under study consisted of four paired forest belts reinforced with erosion control mounds along the entire length. The species composition of plantations is represented by Robinia pseudoacacia, Acer negundo, Ulmus pumila, Ribes aureum.

Materials and methods. The efficiency of the forest belt system in snow accumulation within the agroforest landscape was established on the basis of statistical processing of meteorological information in XLstat, calculation of the total range of wind-break influence of forest belts, field snow measurement observations and processing of the obtained data.

Results and conclusions. Weather conditions during the study periods differed, especially in the amount of precipitation, which affected the amount and nature of snow deposition in the forest belt system. The determining influence on snow distribution on the slope surface was the direction of snow transported winds. The territory is characterized by active snow transfer. The location of the forest belt system relative to the prevailing snowstorms is quite optimal (up to 73.3%). In each of the zones of influence of forest belts (field, upper plume, first paired forest belt, mound, second paired forest belt, lower plume) the character of snow accumulation was different. The results obtained allowed us to evaluate the snowprotective function of the considered system of forest stands and to identify the shortcomings of the plantation design. The erosion control berm had a direct impact on snow redistribution.

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