Increasing the efficiency of technological processes of water treatment with the use of sorption filters with cassette type of loading

The design of a sorption filter developed to increase the efficiency of water treatment technological processes is presented. The main feature of the presented design is to ensure the continuity of the filtration process due to the rapid replacement of filter cassettes without stopping the filter to perform washing.

Introduction. The urgent need to improve technological processes of water treatment and to develop new approaches to increase their efficiency is connected primarily with the annually growing volume of water consumption for household, drinking and industrial needs. In its turn, big volumes of water consumption lead to the growth of volumes of waste water discharged into surface water sources. The methods and technologies of water treatment used in Russia are obsolete. Large areas are required for the technological process and technical equipment is worn out, which results in improper water quality for consumers.

Object. The sorption filter with a cassette type of loading is the object of research.

Materials and methods. To increase the efficiency of technological processes of water treatment the design of a sorption filter with a cassette type of loading was developed the main feature of which is to ensure filtration process continuity due to operative replacement of the filtering cassettes without stopping the filter for washing. The filtering load in chambers was distributed with decreasing of the size of grains in the direction of filtering of processed liquid: the size of grains in the first chamber was 3-5 mm, in the second chamber 2-3 mm, in the third chamber 1-2 mm and in the fourth chamber 0.5-1 mm. Efficiency of treatment was evaluated both for natural water taken from a surface water source (Volga River) and for preliminarily clarified wastewater from a cattle-breeding complex.

Results and conclusions. The expediency of application of filters with cassette type of loading is confirmed by high efficiency of natural and waste water treatment. The pH indicator was reduced by 11,39 %, total iron – by 38,3 %, divalent iron – by 20,0 %, trivalent iron – by 59,09 %, zinc – by 57,72 %, copper – by 42,5 %, ammonium nitrogen – by 46,48 %, potassium – by 45,86 %. The presented design of the filter with a cassette type of loading is notable for its high efficiency due to the continuous filtration process and rapid replacement of the filtering cassettes with a filtering load. Rationality of the cassette filter application in the technological chain of water treatment is confirmed by high cleaning efficiency, which is 11,39-59,09 %.

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