Efficiency of onion cultivation with drip irrigation method

The article presents the results of the analysis of the efficiency indicators of cultivating onions of the Hilton F1 onion variety with a drip irrigation method. The research results have shown that the considered options for combining regulated factors of yield formation are cost-effective and can be recommend for implementation in the process of agricultural production.

Introduction. The main goal of agricultural production in modern conditions is the optimal combination of technological and agrotechnical methods of cultivation of agricultural crops to increase production efficiency ensure high yields, increase production volumes. In this regard, onions are of particular interest. Therefore, optimization of the water regime of onion crops in the Lower Volga region is relevant. It is prove that the choice of an effective technology for growing products leads to the intensification of agricultural production, an increase in labor productivity, a reduction in the level of cost and an increase in the level of profitability of agricultural enterprises.

Object. The object of research is a hybrid of onions of the early-ripening growing season Hilton F1.

Materials and methods. The 2-factor field experiment was conduct according to the methodology of B. A. Dospekhov based on the Educational Research and Production Center of the Volgograd State Agrarian University «Gornaya Polyana».

Results and conclusions. According to the results of the research, the optimal combination of factors was revealed - variant A3B1 with a yield of 50 t/ha of onions with a pre-watering soil moisture of 80-90-80 % of the Lowest moisture capacity and the application of a dose of fertilizers (N₈₅P₇₀K₈₀). Net income per 1 ha of products in this variant amounted to 199.48 thousand rubles, and the level of profitability – 68.8%. Increasing the dose of fertilizers at 80-90-80 % of the Lowest moisture capacity contributed to an increase in the profitability of production from 68.8 to 71.8%, with an increase in yield to 60 t/ ha and the value of net income. Combination of soil moisture factors 60-70-60 % of the Lowest moisture capacity and the dose of fertilizer application N₁₆₀P₉₅K₁₀₅ kg d.v./ ha will allow to obtain onion yield at the level of 70 t / ha, while the profitability of production is 75.9%, net income amounted to 328.13 thousand rubles. Thus, the studied combinations of regulated yield-forming factors are costeffective and can be recommend for implementation in the process of agricultural production.

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