The efficiency of the use of lupine grain in the diets of dairy cows

This article presents the results of studying the effectiveness of the use of lupine grains in the diet for dairy cows. The experiment was carried out in the conditions of JSC AGROFIRMA VOSTOK in the Nikolaevsky district of the Volgograd region. Studies have established the positive effect of lupine grain on the dairy productivity of cows and their hematological parameters.

Introduction. The modern structure of the global food system leads to food shortages, since a significant part of the resources used in feeding farm animals are consumed by humans. In this regard, it is necessary to search for alternative feed products that do not differ in nutritional value from traditional feeds.

The aim of the study was to study the effect of partial or complete replacement of full–fat soy with lupine grain on hematological parameters and dairy productivity of cows and the quality of milk obtained from them.

Object. The object of the study was dairy cows of the Ayrshire breed. Materials and methods. At a dairy enterprise (JSC AGROFIRMA VOSTOK of the Nikolaevsky district of the Volgograd region). A scientific and economic experiment was conducted on dairy cows. The distinctive features were only in the feeding rations, the cows of the control group received the main diet with full-fat soy, 1-, 2- and 3-experimental groups - the main diet, in which lupine was partially or completely introduced instead of soy (50, 75 and 100% of the weight of soy in the mixed feed of cows from the control group).

Results and conclusions. Daily milk yield (average for the experiment) in cows of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd experimental groups increased by 1.07 kg, 1.53 kg and 1.94 kg as the lupine content in the diet increased compared with animals of the control group receiving full-fat soy as part of the diet. Based on the chemical analysis of milk, an advantage was revealed in the concentration of the mass fraction of fat, protein, lactose and minerals in cows of the experimental groups compared with the control, respectively, on 0,02-0,05 %, 0,03-0,04 %, 0,03-0,06 % and 0.02-0.07%. The morphological and biochemical blood parameters of cows of all four groups were within the normal range, which suggests that redox processes were taking place intensively in their body. At the same time, there was an increase in the blood of cows from the experimental groups in comparison with the control group of erythrocytes by 1.19-3.41%, hemoglobin by 2.99-6.31%, total protein by 2.13-2.60%, calcium by 1.85- 6.30%, phosphorus by 1.21-4.24%. Thus, our results showed that the use of lupine in the diet of dairy cows has a positive effect on hematological parameters, the amount of milk produced, while improving its nutritional value.

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