Selection of tomato varieties of the institute’s selection for rhythmic supply of fresh produce to the market

Introduction. With the expansion of economic sanctions against Russia, an important task is to utilize the potential of domestic varieties of vegetable crops in ensuring the stability of agricultural production. Favorable climatic conditions and irrigated lands of the Astrakhan region allow obtaining high yields, including tomatoes, with different harvest dates. The purpose of this work is to study the groups of tomato varieties of VNIIOOB selection and to select in accordance with the requirements for long-term provision of products. The presented work will allow developing conveyor arrival of tomato crop, which will lengthen the supply of fresh products to the markets of the country. The task was set: to study new varieties of different ripening dates, suitable for the creation of conveyor delivery of fresh tomatoes. Novelty – for the first time new tomato varieties with different ripening dates were studied in order to create a conveyor belt harvest on their basis. Materials and methods. The research was carried out in 2022-2023 in VNIIOOB – branch of FGBNU "PAFNTs RAS" according to the methods and technologies adopted in the region. The objects of study were 9 tomato varieties of VNIIOOB selection, differing in shape, size, color and ripening time of fruits. Results and conclusions. On the basis of the obtained study data we selected varieties for obtaining early harvest – Aran 735, Forward and Orange Auri with vegetation period from 92 to 110 days from mass sprouting to the beginning of ripening. Continued receipt of fresh fruits grown in the open ground is possible with the use of varieties with medium-early maturity from 110 to 115 days – these varieties Bulldog, Avdeyevsky, Raspberry Ball, Torpedo, Malinovka. For further prolongation of the harvest and providing the local population with fresh fruits, the variety Khors, whose vegetation period is 120-125 days, is suitable. For conveyor delivery of fruits for a long period of time it is necessary to grow varieties with different ripening dates: early-ripening, mid-early and late-ripening.

1. Astrakhan Region in Figures: A Brief Statistical Collection Astrakhanstat. Astrakhan, 2020. Pp. 43-45.

2. Federal Scientific and Technical Program for the Development of Agriculture for 2017-2030, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated August 25. 2017. No 996.

3. Ivanova V. N., Seregin S. N. On the Draft Strategy for the Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex of Russia for the Period up to 2030. Economics of Agricultural and Processing Enterprises. 2018. № 7. Pp. 2-7.

4. Gish R. Kh. On the Practical Results of Research on the Creation of New Tomato Varieties. Allbest. ru. 2017.

5. Avdeev A. Yu., Kigashpaeva O. P., Dzhabrailova V. Yu., Sisengaliyeva S. T. Original phenotypic manifestations of tomato fruit coloring. Proceedings of Altaiskii SAU. 2020. № 1 (183). Pp. 5-10.

6. Gish R. A. New and Promising Tomato Varieties of Domestic Breeding. Scientific support of the agroindustrial complex. Krasnodar. Pp. 267-269.

7. Maksimov S. V., Bekov R. Kh. Practical Results of Cooperation in Tomato Breeding. Potatoes and vegetables. 2022. № 12. Pp. 17-19.

8. Kigashpaeva O. P., Gulin A. V. Perspective Salad Tomato Varieties for the South of Russia. Proceedings of the Nizhnevolzhsky agro-university complex. 2022. № 2 (66). Pp. 101-110.

9. Kigashpaeva O. P., Gulin A. V., Kapanova R. Kh., Volodina S. A. Results and Prospects of Astrakhan Selection of Vegetable and Melon Crops. Vegetables of Russia. 2021. № 5. Pp. 16-21.

10. Machulkina V. A., Sannikova T. A. Conveyor Arrival of Tomatoes in the Market. Introduction, Conservation and Use of Biological Diversity of Cultivated Plants: Proceedings of the XI International Scientific and Methodological Conference. Makhachkala: State Scientific Institution Dagestan Research Institute of Agriculture, 2014. Pp. 141-143.

11. Bayrambekov Sh. B., Garyanova E. D. Target Selection of Original Tomato Varieties for Cultivation in the Astrakhan Region. Elements of Agricultural Crops Cultivation Technology in Irrigation Conditions: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. 2016. Pp. 26-28.

12. Avdeev A. Yu., Kigashpaeva O. P., Dzhabrailova V. Y. Tomato Breeding for Import Substitution in the Arid Zone of the South of Russia. Irrigated agriculture. 2016. № 3. Pp. 9-10.

13. Avdeev A. Yu., Kigashpaeva O. P., Dzhabrailova V. Y. New tomato varieties for the successful development of the vegetable growing industry. Vegetable growing and melon growing of open ground: problems and prospects of development: materials of the international scientific and practical seminar. 2016. Pp. 41-46.

14. Bekov R. Kh., Maksimov S. V., Kostenko A. N. New Heterosis Tomato Hybrid. Potatoes and vegetables. 2019. Pp. 34-35.

15. Gulin A. V., Kigashpaeva O. P., Kapanova R. Kh., Volodina S. A. Results and Prospects of Astrakhan Selection of Vegetable and Melon Crops. Vegetables of Russia. 2021. № 5. Pp. 16-21.

16. Avdeev A. Yu., Kigashpaeva O. P., Dzhabrailova V. Yu., Sisengaliyeva S. T. Tomato varieties bred by VNIIOOB. Potatoes and vegetables. 2018. № 10. Pp. 33-35.

17. Anishko M. Y. Improving the Friendliness of Tomato Fruit Ripening. Bulletin of the Kursk State Academy. 2019. Pp. 48-53.