Topcrossing results in a flock of sheep of the salsk breed

Summary. The article emphasizes that the need to comply with federal legislation creates a difficult situation using the method of purebred breeding as the only method in livestock breeding. This determines the relevance of the ongoing research. The article assesses the possibility of purebred breeding in the herd of the Salian breed by using topcrossing.

Introduction. The fine-fleeced and semi-fine-fleeced sheep farms of the Russian Federation are going through difficult times. The trend of reducing the number of sheep has not been overcome. A balance has not been found between the meat and wool productivity of this animal species. The problem is so acute that the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, M.M. Mishustin, having visited Karachay-Cherkessia and visited sheep-breeding and infrastructure facilities in this region, instructed to take measures to improve the situation in the industry. Against this background, the number of small breeds of merino sheep is increasing, which makes it difficult to conduct breeding work.

Object. The object of research is the livestock of sheep of the Salsky breed, located on the territory of LLC Belozernoye farm in the Salsky district of the Rostov region.

Materials and methods. A scientific and economic experiment was conducted in the breeding plant of Belozernoye LLC on animals of the Salsky breed herd in 2021-2023. Inbred breeding sheep obtained in the fathergranddaughter selection system were used in the experiment. The sheep of the experimental groups, formed according to the principle of pairs of analogues, were of the elite class at the age of 2-3 lambs. Control over changes in body weight was carried out by weighing young animals at birth, at 4, 9.5 and 13.5 months of age with an accuracy of 0.5 kg. Meat productivity was assessed by conduc ting a control slaughter of sheep at the age of 9.5 months according to the method of VISH (1978). The wool productivity of yarns was assessed by the results of shearing at 13.5 months of age, the yield of pure wool was determined in laboratory conditions.

Results and conclusions. At birth, the live weight of the sheep of group 1 turned out to be 9.5% higher than that of their peers from the co ntrol group, and 7.3% higher in the bright ones. At 4 months of age, by 8.9 and 7.3%, respectively. At the age of 9.5 months and during this period, the differences between the 1st and 2nd experimental groups amounted to 7.8% in favor of the descendants of inbred sheep producers. The established differences in body weight between the groups at all age periods – both in sheep and in young sheep - were significant (P> 0.95-0.99). In terms of meat and wool productivity, according to the data of the scientific experiment, the superiority also belonged to a group of young animals obtained with the pa rticipation of inbred sheep producers.

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