Foliar top dressing on corn crops as one of the agricultural methods for increasing grain yield

Summary. The article presents the results of the effectiveness of the effect of non-root fertilizers on the elements of the structure and yield of corn grain during grain cultivation in the foothill zone of Kabardino-Balkaria.

Abstract Introduction. In order to obtain a high grain yield, along with high-quality seed material, properly selected agricultural techniques, using chemical protection agents, mineral fertilizers, an important role is assigned to the use of highly effective non-root (leaf) top dressing on crops, which contribute to the removal of plants from a depressed state when applying high doses of herbicides and increasing crop yields by an average of 15-20%.

Object. The object of scientific and practical work were non-root preparations for crops of corn hybrid Krasnodar 291 AMV.

Materials and methods. The experiments were conducted in the conditions of the foothill zone of Kabardino-Balkaria in the experimental field of the structural division of the ISS KBNTS RAS in the period from 2020-2022. The following non-root fertilizers were used in the work: Agrostimul, VE-50 ml/ha; Alfastim, VE-50 ml/ha; Intermag Profi-2, l/ha; Bigus, BP-0.5g/l; Agromaster 18-18-18+3 – 2,5 kg/ha. This work was carried out in compliance with all methodological recommendations.

Goals and objectives. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of the effectiveness of the use of non–root top dressing on the indicators of the yield structure and yield of corn grain in the conditions of the foothill zone of Kabardino-Balkaria. In connection with this goal, the following main tasks were solved in the experiment: to determine the effect of non-root fertilizers on corn height and crop structure indicators; to establish the effect of non-root fertilizing on grain yield.

Results and conclusions. The most effective drugs have been identified, which had a significant impact on the formation of elements of the structure and yield of corn grain as a whole. Among them, the following options can be distinguished: Agromaster, where the yield was 7.9 t /ha, and the increase was 1.2 t/ha; Intermag Profi, CE – a yield of 7.7 t /ha and, accordingly, an increase of 1 t/ha; Agrostimul, VE yield of 7.5 t / ha, an increase in grain yield of 0.8 t /ha. The conducted studies show the expediency of spraying corn crops with leaf fertilizers during grain cultivation, as they are one of the effective agricultural practices aimed at increasing yields.

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