Seeding rate is a factor that determines the agro-economic efficiency of cultivation of the F1 hybrid of winter rye Nemchinovsky 1 in technologies of different levels of intensity

The data on the response of a new F1 hybrid of winter rye Nemchinovsky 1 to agrotechnologies of different levels of intensification – basic, intensive and high-intensive at seed norms of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 million pieces/ha in the conditions of Central Non-Chernozem zone on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil are presented.

Introduction. The aim of flexible intensification of agricultural production is considered to be the fulfilment of ideal requirements for the realization of reproductive capacity of cultivated plant organisms by means of agro technical measures for the sake of grain production growth.

Object. F1 hybrid of winter rye Nemchinovsky 1.

Materials and methods. The work was carried out in 2020-2023 in FIC "Nemchinovka" (theme No. FGGE-2022-0005). Soil – sod-podzolic medium loamy, slightly acidic pHsol. 5,1-5,6. The content of mobile phosphorus corresponds to a high level (161-224 mg/kg), the content of mobile potassium is high (144-166 mg/kg). The crop rotation was chosen: occupied fallow (mustard siderate) – winter rye – spring wheat – sown peas. The following elements of agrotechnics were studied: A – seed rate of 1, 2 and 3 million seeds/ha; B – technologies of different levels of intensification.

Results and conclusions. In the wettest years 2020 and 2023 the amount of precipitation per month was 73-75 % more than the mean annual value of 85.8 mm, deficit of precipitation was observed in 2021 and 2022 by 36-64% of the norm. With increasing seed rate from 1.0 to 3.0 million seeds/ha, grain yield of F1 hybrid Nemchinovsky 1 increased. The best yield results during four years were provided in case of application of the standard of 3 million pieces/ha. The average yield was 6.96 t/ha for the basic technology, 7.95 t/ha for the intensive technology and 8.85 t/ha for the high-intensive technology. Reducing the seeding rate to 2 million reduced this indicator by 7.7-7.8% for all technologies, to 1 million pieces/ha – 13.8% for basic technology, 14.3- 14.5% – for high-intensive and intensive technologies. At the same time, cultivation of F1 hybrid Nemchinovsky 1 in technologies of different levels of intensity turned out to be economically favorable. Reducing the norm of seed material to 1.0 million pieces/ha and obtaining a smaller grain yield of 6.96 t/ha in the end still provided a return on 1 ruble of material costs of 1.12 ruble of yield per hectare.

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