Volgograd State Agrarian University

Introduction. White cabbage is of great importance in the national economy. It is used as one of the important products in human nutrition, as a feed component in animal husbandry, and is also of interest to medicine. As a product included in the human diet, it is used both fresh and in various versions after processing. Cabbage, a one-of-a-kind culture that ferments well, is stored for a long time and can serve as the main ingredient for preparing various salads. When cultivating white cabbage, the main part of the costs from the entire technological process (up to 30%) falls on cleaning. In farms, on small areas (20-25 hectares), cabbage harvesting is carried out manually. It usually consists of several operations: cutting cabbage forks and loading into a vehicle for shipment to a sorting point; cutting cabbage forks and loading into a vehicle and transporting to the edge of the harvested field. Further, for both technologies, the leaf part of the fork is manually cut off and packed into grids or containers. For larger farms where the area is much higher, various combines are used. According to their device, their picking part is equipped with lifters or rotating cones for pulling out cabbage and knives for pruning a poker with a rhizome. We offer an inertial rotary type cutting machine for pruning heads with a vertically rotating knife. To find its kinematic parameters, a multifactorial experiment was developed and implemented experimentally. According to its results, optimal values of the main factors are recommended.

Object. The technological process of harvesting cabbage with the use of a combine harvester with an inertial rotary cutting machine equipped with a vertical rotary knife was considered as an object of research.

Materials and methods. To conduct the research, the extremely rich plan of the Rechtshafner was used in the form of a 3-factor experiment. It was implemented using a program on a PC. The significance of the regression coefficients obtained as a result of the solution was evaluated according to the Student's criterion.

Results and conclusions. To find the parameters of the inertial rotary cutting machine for harvesting white cabbage, an extremely rich plan of the Rechtshafner was experimentally implemented. According to the obtained regression equations, after determining their coefficients for various fork sizes, sections of response surfaces with an assessment of damage to forks are constructed and the values of the studied parameters are recommended. In accordance with the solution of the equations, the optimal cut height varied from 14 to 14.5 cm, which fully corresponds to the parameters of the poker (16 cm), the angle of rotation of the knife at different fork diameters was in the range from 9 to 12 degrees, which is explained by the design features of the combine with an inertial rotary cutting machine, the ratio of speeds (circumferentially rotating the knife and translational-the movement of the machine) for small diameters of the head was – 1.8, and for large ones – 2.25. A large value ensures the overturning of the cabbage fork after pruning with a knife due to increased circumferential speed. For practical purposes, a large value is recommended, i.e. 2.25.

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