Soil biological activity in connection with рre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds in two irrigation modes of light chestnut soil

Abstract

This article discusses the effect of pre-sowing inoculation of soybean seeds on light chestnut soil under various irrigation regimes. The results obtained prove the advantage of seed inoculation in the irrigation regimes under consideration, which are fully correlated with the productivity and quality of this leguminous crop.

Introduction. The role of pre-sowing inoculation of seeds of such a leguminous crop as soybean undoubtedly generally leads to an increase in the biological activity of light chestnut soil. It is together with the seeds of this culture that the enrichment of nodule nitrogen-fixing bacteria occurs, which, in symbiosis with the leguminous plant, leads to the assimilation of atmospheric nitrogen and its conversion into forms accessible to the plant. Therefore, the purpose of determining the intensity of biological processes in the soil is judged by the rate of decomposition of linen fabrics in the studied options.

Materials and methods. Field experiments were laid in 2021-2022 on light chestnut soil of the experimental field of the All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture. On two water regimes, the effectiveness of pre-sowing seed inoculation with a set of bacterial nitrogen-fixing drugs was tested in comparison with sowing untreated seeds.

Results. The results of our study convincingly prove that seed inoculation significantly affects the biological activity of the soil complex. At the same time, the best water regime of the soil should be recognized as constant maintaining the pre-irrigation moisture threshold of at least 80% HB, in which, together with the inoculation of soybean seeds, the highest indicators are achieved. The results of the biological activity of the soil are fully correlated with the indicators of productivity and quality of the obtained grain. On average, over two years, a constant water regime should be recognized with seed inoculation, which contributes to the production of 2.72 t / ha with the best indicators of grain quality, where the content of total nitrogen was 5.83%, crude fat – 21.83% and fiber obtained at the level of 11.22%.