Determination of the technological parameter of the thickness of the air flow accelerators in the pneumatic channel for cleaning soybean post-harvest waste

The article presents research on determining the technological parameter of the thickness of column air accelerators to increase the efficiency of the process of separation of soy particles from the waste of postharvest processing of soybeans in a deep pneumatic channel. As a result, the efficiency of the separation process reached 71%, while the frequency was 77%, and the losses were 4.3% of soy particles. The constructive layout scheme of a deep pneumatic channel for the process of separation of soy particles from the waste of post-harvest processing of soybeans has been determined.

Introduction. Despite the rather rapid development of the leguminous crops market, the development of harvesting and tillage equipment, especially in the issues of post-harvest processing of grain and seeds, remain acute and unresolved [1, 2]. To date, the trend towards the use of industrial waste is actively developing, which on the one hand minimizes costs and on the other is considered environmentally friendly. Soybean post-harvest waste is often simply discarded, as it cannot be separated from impurities, which makes their use impossible and dangerous. This happens, among other things, due to the fact that there is no specialized equipment for cleaning waste from post-harvest processing of soybeans, and the use of standard post-harvest grain processing machines is not effective enough.

The purpose of the study is to verify the effectiveness of the technological thickness parameter when using column air flow accelerators to increase the efficiency of the process of separating soy particles from soybean post–harvest waste in a deep pneumatic channel.

Materials and methods. The research was conducted at the FSAC VIM. A developed mock-up sample of a vertical deep pneumatic channel was used to isolate soy particles from soybean post-harvest waste, consisting of three sections of different heights. The technological parameter of the thickness of column air flow accelerators in a deep pneumatic channel with a vertically ascending air flow for the separation of soybean particles from soybean post-harvest waste was justified. The completeness of the impurity release and the efficiency of the process of separating soybean particles from soybean post-harvest waste in a deep pneumatic channel with vertically ascending airflow at maximum specific grain load were determined.

Results and conclusions. We determined: the technological parameter of the thickness of column air flow accelerators in a deep pneumatic channel with vertically ascending airflow when separating soybean particles from soybean post-harvest waste is 80 millimeters, while the maximum specific grain load is 3 kilograms / (centimeter 2 hour), seed losses do not exceed 5% in a pneumatic channel with column air flow accelerators, the completeness of the separation impurities are 76% of the "Waste" fraction, the efficiency of the separation process was 71%, the purity of the "soy particles" fraction was 77% in one pass during pre-cleaning.

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