Technological aspects of spraying in the cultivation of cereals

Introduction. The plant protection system includes a set of methods, techniques and means aimed at preserving the harvest, protecting cultivated plants from diseases and pests, and ensuring the safety of grown products. The technological process of ground spraying of cereal crops depends on the type of nozzle and its location relative to the boom. With a vertically directed arrangement of bodies, the fundamental factor for successful spraying is the choice of the type of nozzles, the spray rate and the average droplet size. The purpose of the research was to substantiate the technology of application and technical means of chemical treatment of soil and plants for the cultivation of cereal crops based on the modernization of a ground boom sprayer, which helps to increase the productivity and consumer quality of crop products in combination with the safe application of a working solution.
Materials and methods. To compare the technological advantage of spraying with double-jet injection nozzles with asymmetric jet angles over conventional single-flare injection nozzles, field production tests of the spraying process with different nozzles (single-flare flat jet – XR8003 and AI3070) were carried out. Qualitative indicators of the dispersed composition of settled drops and the thickness of the coating of the treated object were determined by the indicator strip method in accordance with GOST R 53053.
Results and discussions. Interim results of studies of the influence of the spraying technological process on the qualitative indicators of droplet distribution at various levels of the plant stand are presented in a graphical representation. The coefficient of change in quality indicators is given relative to the basic spraying technology based on slot sprayers for a zone of 10 centimeters after 20 centimeters.
Conclusion. The research results showed that the use of slot sprayers reduces the amount of coverage area in the lower part of the stems relative to the upper by 2.90 times. For the two-flare spraying method – 0.87 times, and when arranging nozzles according to RF patent No. 2783606 – 0.90 times.

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