The effectiveness of the influence of pre-incubation treatment of eggs of different shelf life on the processes of incubation and early feeding of broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross during meat production

Introduction. Federal scientific and technical program for the development of agriculture for 2017-2025. provision is made for the replacement of chemical antimicrobial drugs, which accumulate in the environment and pose a threat to human health, with alternative ones made from natural, environmentally friendly components. In this regard, in industrial poultry farming, where disinfectants and bacterial preparations are used to disinfect air, hatching eggs and poultry equipment, environmentally friendly preparations of the latest generation with a wide spectrum of action, which are successfully used in poultry feeding, are of particular interest. Increasing the hatchability of hatching eggs ensures not only the hatching of a larger number of conditioned daily young animals at a lower cost, but also provides higher profits based on the results of fattening broilers. Therefore, to stimulate the embryonic development of the embryo and increase the hatching of chickens, we used a new method of preliminary incubation treatment of eggs of different shelf life with lactic acid as an alternative to formaldehyde fumes, and for early feeding of chickens at hatching, a prebiotic water-soluble additive “LactuSuper”, which contains natural biologically active substances. and, which is an effective means of correcting dysbiosis, helps to normalize microbiological processes in the digestive tract, increase the intensity of growth and productivity of poultry.
Object. The objects of research are hatching eggs and broiler chickens of the Ross 308 cross.
Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on the basis of Mega Yurma LLC, Cheboksary district of the Republic of Chuvashia, on 5 groups of hatching eggs of different shelf life, 5184 pieces each, and day-old chicks, 150 heads each. Eggs from the experimental groups were disinfected with lactic acid (20% solution), and eggs from the control groups were disinfected with formaldehyde vapor according to the standard procedure. Chickens of experimental groups I and III received early feeding with the prebiotic feed additive “LaktuVet” at hatching (0.5% solution). Accounting for zootechnical and economic indicators was carried out according to approved methods used at large poultry enterprises.
Results and conclusions. Pre-incubation disinfection of eggs of different shelf life with a 20% lactic acid solution contributed to an increase in the hatching of chickens: in experimental group I (5 days of storage) – by 2.44% compared to the control (1), in experimental groups II and III (10 days of storage) – by 1.02 and 2.45% compared to control (2). At the same time, increasing the shelf life of hatching eggs to 10 days is not critical and is quite acceptable for incubation in industrial conditions for the production of broiler meat. Early feeding of chickens of the I and III experimental groups with a 0.5% solution of the drug "LactuSuper" directly in the hatcher trays using the cold fog method resulted in a predominance in live weight of broiler chickens of the I experimental group over the control (1) by 112.8 g (5.58%; P≤0.001), and III experimental – by 111.3 g (5.54; P≤0.001) above the control (2). Based on the results of a production test, the total economic efficiency of the influence of lactic acid on the hatching of chickens and their early feeding on the formation of meat productivity was determined. An increase in the level of profitability in the experimental group was established by 15.34%.

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