Modern technologies of adaptive-landscape farming in the realization of the genetic potential of grain and leguminous crops

The article presents the results of the introduction of intensive and high-intensity agricultural technologies of adaptive landscape farming, increasing the genetic potential of grain and leguminous crops selected by the Federal Research Center "Nemchinovka".

Introduction. The use of modern agricultural technologies of adaptive landscape farming with the aim of ensuring the country's food security, capable of realizing the genetic potential of grain and leguminous crops, favors an increase in their productivity, as well as the restoration, conservation and growth of soil fertility; development of selection, seed production, as well as reducing import dependence on seeds.

Materials and methods. In a twofactor field experiment on soddy-podzolic soils of the Central region of the Non-Chernozem Zone, technologies for growing crops, grains and leguminous crops were studied in agricultural technologies differentiated by the scale of intensification – high-intensity, intensive and normal.

Results and conclusions. The number of crop varieties included in the State List of Breeding Results accepted for use in 2022, the selection of FIC "Nemchinovka" 85 things, of which 13 and 12 pieces of soft winter and 10 pieces – winter rye and triticale – 11 and 8 pieces, spring barley and oats of 16 and 23 pieces, peas of sowing 2 pieces, respectively. A register of varieties of grain and leguminous crops has been formed for the Central region of the Non-Chernozem Zone: winter rye – Moskovskaya 18, Valdai, Moskovskaya 15, Tatyana, Moskovskaya 12; winter triticale – Victor, Hermes, Nemchinovsky 56, Nina; soft winter wheat – Nemchinovskaya 57, Moskovskaya 39, Nemchinovskaya 85, Moskovskaya 40, Nemchinovskaya 24, Moskovskaya 56; spring soft wheat – Esther, Zlata, Agatha, Rome, Radmir; spring barley – Nur, Moscow 86, Vladimir, Yaromir, Zlatoyar; oats spring – Lev, Yakov, Bulani, Slovlet, Nemchinovsky 61; peas sowing – Nemchinovsky 50, Nemchinovsky 100. According to high – intensity agricultural technology, the
yield in 2022 was the highest and amounted to winter wheat – 7.50 t/ha, winter rye – 6.78 t/ha, winter triticale – 6.49 t/ha, spring wheat – 6.50 t/ha, spring barley – 6.80 t/ha, spring oats – 5.70 t/ha and peas – 4.22 t/ha.

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