Effect of Biological Preparations on Productivity of Sorghum Crops on Light Chestnut Soil of Kalmykia

Introduction. Currently, with the development of the agro-industrial potential of Kalmykia, as well as, in general, Russia, it is impossible not to think about the development of a feed base for farm animals. Only the development of advanced agrotechnical techniques will not only make up for the shortage of agricultural products, but also multiply it, while preserving both soil fertility and the ecological balance of the environment. The cultivation of adaptive varieties and hybrids, more highly productive and more resistant to various diseases, is becoming increasingly relevant, but most crops are not fully tested and require further careful study and introduction into production. Sorghum crops have the greatest unpretentiousness and plasticity, are able to withstand extreme abiotic factors and lack of soil moisture, which happens very often in the Southern regions of our country. Under such conditions, sorghum crops have significant advantages over other forage crops and can become a basic crop in the production of feed.

Object. Ecological testing of four varieties of grain, sugar and herbaceous sorghum was carried out at the Agricultural Faculty of KalmSU.

Materials and methods. The research was carried out on the study of four varieties of grain, sugar and herbaceous sorghum at the educational and experimental field of KalmSU. The plots had a size: width 0.7 m, length 7 m, area 4.9 m2 each variant had 4 repetitions without seed treatment and 4 repetitions with seed treatment. Fertilizers were applied in doses of N60P40 and N90P60, the scheme of the experiment also included an option – without fertilizers. The seeding rate for the variants was 0.3 million germinating seeds per 1 ha. To study this issue of the expediency of using biological preparations for the growth and development of sugar sorghum, sorghum seeds were treated 1:30 before sowing. The flow rate of the working solution was 0.02-0.04 l/t.

Results and conclusions. The conducted analyses have shown that the green mass obtained from sorghum crops has quite good nutritional properties, thanks to the combined use of nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers and biostimulants of growth. The content of crude protein in the dry mass without the use of biostimulants in the control ranged from 10.89 – 11.81%. The amount of protein content increased depending on the use of doses of fertilizers N60P60 – 10.95% and N90P90 – 11.09%.

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