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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">izvestiavolga</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">ИЗВЕСТИЯ НИЖНЕВОЛЖСКОГО АГРОУНИВЕРСИТЕТСКОГО КОМПЛЕКСА: НАУКА И ВЫСШЕЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Title in english</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-9485</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Волгоградский государственный аграрный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32786/2071-9485-2023-03-07</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">izvestiavolga-10</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АГРОНОМИЯ, ЛЕСНОЕ И ВОДНОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRONOMY, FORESTRY AND WATER MANAGEMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности оводненности побегов растений различных сортов винограда при адаптации к низким отрицательным температурам</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Water content of tissues of vine plants of different сultivars during adaptation to low negative temperatures</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арестова</surname><given-names>Н. O.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arestova</surname><given-names>N. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арестова Наталья Олеговна, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент, ведущий  научный сотрудник </p><p>РФ, 346421, Ростовская обл., г. Новочеркасск,  Баклановский, д. 166</p><p>тел.: +79508463232 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arestova Natalya Olegovna, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher</p><p>346421, Russia, Rostov region, Novocherkassk, Baklanovsky, 166</p><p>tel.: +79508463232 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zash.arestova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябчун</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabchun</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рябчун Ирина Олеговна, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, заместитель директора по научной работе</p><p>РФ, 346421, Ростовская обл., г. Новочеркасск, Баклановский, д. 166</p><p>тел.: +79185181173 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ryabchun Irina Olegovna, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Deputy Director for Research</p><p>346421, Russia, Rostov region, Novocherkassk, Baklanovsky, 166</p><p>tel.: +79185181173 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ruswiner@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт виноградарства и виноделия имени Я. И. Потапенко – филиал ФГБНУ Федеральный Ростовский аграрный научный центр</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Ya.I. Potapenko Research Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking – branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3 (71)</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Арестова Н.O., Рябчун И.О., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Арестова Н.O., Рябчун И.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Arestova N.O., Ryabchun I.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiavolga.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/10">https://izvestiavolga.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/10</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Ростовская область является самой северной зоной промышленного виноградарства, где в отдельные годы в период покоя наблюдется снижение отрицательных температур до критического уровня. В таких условиях при культивировании гибридных сортов винограда с повышенной морозоустойчивостью без укрытия на зиму имеется большой риск потери не только части или всего урожая из-за повреждений растений вследствие воздействия низких отрицательных температур, но и их полной гибели.</p></sec><sec><title>Объект</title><p>Объект. Объектом исследований являлись побеги различных по происхождению и адаптации к низким отрицательным температурам сортов винограда.</p><p>Материалы и методы Исследования проводились на опытном поле Всероссийского научно- исследовательского института виноградарства и виноделия-филиала ФГБНУ «Федеральный Ростовский аграрный научный центр» в соответствии с общепринятыми методами. Адаптивный потенциал к низким отрицательным температурам различных сортов оценивали с помощью промораживания одревесневших однолетних побегов в холодильной камере в следующих экспозициях: 18 о С – 24 часа; -25 о С – 12 часов; -30о С – 8 часов с последующим определением количества живых и поврежденных глазков. Предварительно они проходили закалку в естественных условиях, а затем их закаливали в искусственных, с постепенным понижением температуры от -5 о С до -15 о С (7 суток) с последующим определением количества живых и поврежденных глазков, проведенного после постепенного оттаивания растительного материала. Фракции воды (связанную и свободную) определяли рефрактометрическим методом с учетом количества оставшейся в тканях «связанной» воды и с использованием гипертонического раствора сахарозы в разных концентрациях.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и выводы</title><p>Результаты и выводы. Выявлено, что наиболее адаптивные к морозу сорта (Кобер 5ББ, Кристалл, Фиолетовый ранний) даже при воздействии температуры -30 о С имели до 8 % полностью сохраненных глазков и 13…25% частично поврежденных. У остальных сортов наблюдалась практически полная гибель глазков. К началу полной зрелости побегов содержание воды в них стабилизировалось на уровне 50…61% с тенденцией снижения в период устойчивой морозной погоды. В зимний период общее количество воды уменьшалось по сравнению с фазой закаливания, но изменилось менее существенно, чем соотношение ее фракций (в 2,0-2,8 раза). Подтверждена зависимость между степенью адаптации к низким отрицательным температурам одревесневших побегов разных сортов винограда и состоянием в них воды в период покоя (r=0,88…0,92).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article provides information on the dynamics of the content of the total amount of water and its fractions (bound and free) in the shoots of various grape varieties. The research results showed that the studied grape varieties differed in the degree of adaptation to low negative temperatures. This property can be explained with the state of water in the tissues of the shoots during the period of stress exposure to negative temperatures.</p><sec><title>Abstract Introduction</title><p>Abstract Introduction. The Rostov region is the northernmost zone of industrial viticulture, where in some years, during the dormant period, there is a decrease in negative temperatures to a critical level. Under such conditions, when cultivating hybrid grape varieties with increased frost resistance without shelter for the winter, there is a high risk of losing not only part or the entire crop due to damage to plants due to exposure to low negative temperatures, but also their complete death.</p></sec><sec><title>Object</title><p>Object. The object of research was the shoots of grape varieties of different origin and adaptation to low negative temperatures.</p><p>Materials and Methods The studies were carried out on the experimental field of the AllRussian Scientific Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Rostov Federal Agrarian Research Center in accordance with generally accepted methods. The adaptive potential to low negative temperatures of various varieties was assessed by freezing lignified annual shoots in a refrigerator in the following exposures: 18 ° C – 24 hours; -25 °C – 12 hours; -30o C – 8 hours, followed by determination of the number of live and damaged eyes. Previously, they were hardened in natural conditions, and then they were hardened in artificial ones, with a gradual decrease in temperature from -5 ° C to -15 ° C (7 days), followed by determining the number of live and damaged eyes, carried out after gradual thawing plant material. Water fractions (bound and free) were determined by the refractometric method, taking into account the amount of “bound” water remaining in the tissues and using hypertonic sucrose solution at different concentrations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and conclusions</title><p>Results and conclusions. It was revealed that the varieties most adaptive to frost (Kober 5BB, Kristall, Violet early), even when exposed to a temperature of -30 ° C, had up to 8% of fully preserved eyes and 13 ... 25% of partially damaged ones. In other varieties, almost complete death of eyes was observed. By the beginning of the full maturity of the shoots, the water content in them stabilized at the level of 50...61% with a tendency to decrease during the period of stable frosty weather. In winter, the total amount of water decreased compared to the hardening phase, but changed less significantly than the ratio of its fractions (by 2.0-2.8 times). The relationship between the degree of adaptation to low negative temperatures of lignified shoots of different grape varieties and the state of water in them during the dormant period was confirmed (r=0.88…0.92).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оводненность побегов винограда</kwd><kwd>сорта винограда</kwd><kwd>адаптивность винограда</kwd><kwd>морозоустойчивость винограда</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>grapes</kwd><kwd>water content of shoots</kwd><kwd>stability</kwd><kwd>bound and free forms of water</kwd><kwd>frost resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Морозостойкость сортов винограда различного эколого-географического происхождения / Н. И. Ненько, Г. К. Киселева, И. А. Ильина, В. С. Петров, Н. М. Запорожец, В. В. Соколова // Садоводство и виноградарство. 2021. № 4. 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